Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,187 questions · 1,248 findings · 108 reviews · Stroke

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No studies found 275 · 22%GRADE not reported 56 · 4.5%Very low 269 · 21.6%Low 349 · 28%Moderate 216 · 17.3%High 83 · 6.7%

Treadmill (with or without body weight support) vs other interventions

Walking endurance (m) at end of treatment ‐ dependent in walking at start of treatment timed measures of gait · adults who had suffered a stroke and exhibited an abnormal gait pattern

1 finding from 1 review

Treadmill training and body weight support for walking after stroke 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 639 participants
Low

Treadmill (with or without body weight support) vs other interventions

Walking endurance (m) at end of treatment ‐ independent in walking at start of treatment timed measures of gait · adults who had suffered a stroke and exhibited an abnormal gait pattern

1 finding from 1 review

Treadmill training and body weight support for walking after stroke 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
23 studies · 1041 participants
Low

Occupational therapy vs usual care or no treatment

Activities of daily living · people with stroke

1 finding from 1 review

Occupational therapy for adults with problems in activities of daily living after stroke 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 749 participants
Low

Occupational therapy vs usual care or no treatment

Death or a poor outcome (median 3‐month · people with stroke

Occupational therapy may leads to lower odds of death or a poor outcome at end of scheduled compared with usual or no care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Occupational therapy for adults with problems in activities of daily living after stroke 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
Peto OR 0.71 [0.52, 0.96]
5 studies · 771 participants
Low

Occupational therapy vs usual care or no treatment

Extended activities of daily living · people with stroke

1 finding from 1 review

Occupational therapy for adults with problems in activities of daily living after stroke 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 665 participants
Low

Occupational therapy vs usual care or no treatment

Mood or distress scoresMeasures of mood or distress · people with stroke

1 finding from 1 review

Occupational therapy for adults with problems in activities of daily living after stroke 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 519 participants
Low

Music vs usual care

Gait velocity Immediate outcome · acquired brain injury

1 finding from 1 review

Music interventions for acquired brain injury 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 268 participants
Moderate

Music vs usual care

Stride length (affected side) · acquired brain injury

1 finding from 1 review

Music interventions for acquired brain injury 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 129 participants
Moderate

Music vs usual care

Gait cadence · acquired brain injury

1 finding from 1 review

Music interventions for acquired brain injury 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 223 participants
Low

Music vs usual care

Stride symmetry · acquired brain injury

1 finding from 1 review

Music interventions for acquired brain injury 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 139 participants
Low

Music vs usual care

General upper extremity functioning · acquired brain injury

1 finding from 1 review

Music interventions for acquired brain injury 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 194 participants
Very low

Overall communication skills Different scales used by different studies: total scores vary across communication items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · acquired brain injury

1 finding from 1 review

Music interventions for acquired brain injury 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 67 participants
Very low

Music vs usual care

Quality of life · acquired brain injury

1 finding from 1 review

Music interventions for acquired brain injury 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 53 participants
Low

Circuit class therapy vs other interventions

Six‐minute walk distance · people with stroke

1 finding from 1 review

Circuit class therapy for improving mobility after stroke 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 835 participants
Moderate

Circuit class therapy vs other interventions

Activity Gait speed · people with stroke

1 finding from 1 review

Circuit class therapy for improving mobility after stroke 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 744 participants
Moderate

Circuit class therapy vs other interventions

Balance and mobility Timed up and go test. Standing up, walking, returning to sit down in seconds · people with stroke

1 finding from 1 review

Circuit class therapy for improving mobility after stroke 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 488 participants
Low

Circuit class therapy vs other interventions

Independence in mobility Functional ambulation classification. Indicates need for assistance/not to safely mobilise · people with stroke

1 finding from 1 review

Circuit class therapy for improving mobility after stroke 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 469 participants
Moderate

Circuit class therapy vs other interventions

Physical ability Stroke Impact Scale. A self report of overall physical ability (subscale of total Impact) · people with stroke

1 finding from 1 review

Circuit class therapy for improving mobility after stroke 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 437 participants
Low

Circuit class therapy vs other interventions

Falls · people with stroke

It is very uncertain whether circuit class therapy changes adverse events (falls) from all available trials Counts of numbers… compared with other intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Circuit class therapy for improving mobility after stroke 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RD 0.03
8 studies · 815 participants
Very low

Virtual reality vs conventional therapy

Upper limb function · people receiving stroke rehabilitation

1 finding from 1 review

Virtual reality for stroke rehabilitation 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
22 studies · 1038 participants
Low