What do systematic reviews say?

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker

• Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 341 participants
  Moderate

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker

• Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 341 participants
  Moderate

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker showed no clear difference in major adverse events compared with alpha‐blocker (low certainty).

• Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.3 [0.01, 7.32]
  3 studies · 402 participants
  Low

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker

It is very uncertain whether desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker changes minor adverse events compared with alpha‐blocker (very low certainty).

• Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.6 [0.15, 16.82]
  3 studies · 402 participants
  Very low

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker showed no clear difference in treatment withdrawal due to adverse event compared with alpha‐blocker (low certainty).

• Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.84 [0.46, 17.66]
  3 studies · 402 participants
  Low

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker plus anticholinergic

• Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 405 participants
  Moderate

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker plus anticholinergic

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker plus anticholinergic

• Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 427 participants
  Low

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker plus anticholinergic

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker plus anticholinergic

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker plus anticholinergic

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker may leads to lower minor adverse events compared with alpha‐blocker plus anticholinergic (low certainty).

• Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.22 [0.05, 0.98]
  1 study · 427 participants
  Low

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker vs alpha‐blocker plus anticholinergic

Desmopressin plus alpha‐blocker may leads to lower treatment withdrawal due to adverse event compared with alpha‐blocker plus anticholinergic (low certainty).

• Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.22 [0.05, 0.98]
  1 study · 427 participants
  Low

Alvimopan vs placebo

Alvimopan probably leads to higher time‐to‐tolerance of a solid diet and documented bowel movements compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Alvimopan for recovery of bowel function after radical cystectomy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.77 [1.41, 2.23]
  1 study · 277 participants
  Moderate

Alvimopan vs placebo

Alvimopan probably leads to higher time‐to‐hospital discharge compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Alvimopan for recovery of bowel function after radical cystectomy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.67 [1.38, 2.01]
  1 study · 277 participants
  Moderate

Alvimopan vs placebo

Alvimopan probably leads to lower major adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Alvimopan for recovery of bowel function after radical cystectomy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.28 [0.18, 0.44]
  1 study · 277 participants
  Moderate

Alvimopan vs placebo

Alvimopan showed no clear difference in readmission compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Alvimopan for recovery of bowel function after radical cystectomy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.89 [0.59, 1.33]
  1 study · 277 participants
  Moderate

Alvimopan vs placebo

Alvimopan showed no clear difference in any cardiovascular event compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Alvimopan for recovery of bowel function after radical cystectomy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.54 [0.27, 1.05]
  1 study · 277 participants
  Moderate

Intravesically administered BCG combined with IFN‐α vs intravesically administered BCG alone

It is very uncertain whether intravesically administered BCG combined with IFN‐α changes recurrence compared with intravesically administered BCG alone (very low certainty).

• Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin with interferon‐alpha versus intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin for treating… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.76 [0.44, 1.32]
  4 studies · 925 participants
  Very low