Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,218 questions · 1,325 findings · 34 reviews · Oral medicine and oral cancer

No studies found 164 · 12.4%GRADE not reported 841 · 63.5%Very low 209 · 15.8%Low 72 · 5.4%Moderate 38 · 2.9%High 1 · 0.1%

Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (20 mg twice daily for 90 days) vs placebo

Average number of new lesions per week · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (20 mg twice daily for 90 days) led to lower number of new lesions per day compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Tetracycline suspension (250 mg, held in mouth 2 minutes then swallowed, four times daily for 5 days) vs placebo

Adjusted maximum ulcer size and adjusted maximum pain · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…
1 finding from 1 review

LongoVital (herbal component alone) vs placebo

Number of ulcer-free days and number of new ulcers · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Kolseth 2005 (high risk of bias): 40 patients randomised to the herbal component of LongoVital alone or placebo; data presented as medians with 95% CIs, unsuitable for further analysis; no statistically significant…
    1 study · 40 participants
    GRADE not reported

Vitamin B12 (sublingual, 1000 mcg daily for 6 months) vs placebo

Frequency of outbreaks per month · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Vitamin B12 (sublingual, 1000 mcg daily for 6 months) led to lower frequency of outbreaks per month compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Tetracycline suspension (250 mg, held in mouth 2 minutes then swallowed, four times daily for 5 days) vs placebo

Average number of new lesions per week · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Tetracycline suspension (250 mg, held in mouth 2 minutes then… showed no clear difference in average number of new lesions per week compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Leukotriene receptor antagonist vs placebo

Total number of new lesions over 2-month treatment period · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Montelukast (leukotriene receptor antagonist; 10 mg daily for 1… led to lower total number of new lesions over 2-month treatment period compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Hydrocortisone (systemic corticosteroid) vs Placebo or no treatment

Outcome not reported · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Levamisole (150 mg per day) vs placebo

Decrease in number of ulcers · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Levamisole (150 mg per day) showed no clear difference in decrease in number of ulcers compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline vs placebo

Adverse effects · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
    60 days (plus 60-day follow-up)
    Patients receiving pentoxifylline reported more adverse events than those in the placebo group but this was not statistically significant (69% reported adverse effects: dizziness, headaches, stomach upset, increased…
    1 study · 26 participants
    GRADE not reported

Colchicine (0.5 mg per day for 3 months) vs prednisolone

Number of (minor aphthous) oral ulcers · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…

Colchicine (0.5 mg per day for 3 months) showed no clear difference in number of aphthous ulcers at completion compared with prednisolone (5 mg per day for 3 months); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Colchicine (0.5 mg per day for 3 months) vs prednisolone

Adverse effects · Participants with a previous or current history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), diagnosed on history and clinical examination;…
1 finding from 1 review