Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,293 questions · 2,395 findings · 172 reviews · Gut

No studies found 420 · 17.5%GRADE not reported 60 · 2.5%Very low 821 · 34.3%Low 602 · 25.1%Moderate 397 · 16.6%High 95 · 4%

H. pylori eradication therapy vs control

Incidence of gastric cancer ‐ modified ITT analysis Histological examination · healthy asymptomatic H. pylori‐infected individuals

H. pylori eradication therapy probably leads to lower incidence of gastric cancer ‐ modified ITT analysisHistological… compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

H. pylori eradication therapy vs control

Incidence of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma ‐ modified ITT analysis · healthy asymptomatic H. pylori‐infected individuals

H. pylori eradication therapy showed no clear difference in incidence of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma ‐ modified ITT… compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · induction of remission in Crohn's disease

It is very uncertain whether probiotics changes adverse events leading to withdrawal compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) vs 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine)

Clinical relapse · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis

It is very uncertain whether probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) changes clinical relapse (12 to 52 weeks) compared with 5‐ASA (mesalazine) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) vs 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine)

Maintenance of clinical remission · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis

Probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) showed no clear difference in maintenance of clinical remission (24 to 52 weeks) compared with 5‐ASA (mesalazine) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) vs 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine)

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis

It is very uncertain whether probiotic + 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine) changes withdrawal due to adverse events (12 to 52 weeks) compared with 5‐ASA (mesalazine) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics vs placebo

Maintenance of clinical remission · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis

It is very uncertain whether probiotics changes maintenance of clinical remission (52 weeks) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review