Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

996 questions · 1,049 findings · 79 reviews · Dementia and Cognitive Improvement

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No studies found 240 · 22.9%GRADE not reported 31 · 3%Very low 216 · 20.6%Low 253 · 24.1%Moderate 238 · 22.7%High 71 · 6.8%

Donepezil 23 mg/day vs donepezil 10 mg/day

Cognitive function · people with Alzheimer's disease

1 finding from 1 review

Donepezil for dementia due to Alzheimer's disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1704 participants
Moderate

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Outcomes (end of treatment) · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Emotional well‐being including quality of life · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)

2 findings from 1 review

Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 180 participants
Low
Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 348 participants
Low

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Mood disturbance or negative affect: depression · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)

2 findings from 1 review

Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 354 participants
Low
Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 503 participants
Moderate

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Mood disturbance or negative affect: anxiety · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)

2 findings from 1 review

Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 265 participants
Very low
Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
13 studies · 478 participants
Low

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Behavioural problems: agitation or aggression · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)

2 findings from 1 review

Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 330 participants
Low
Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
14 studies · 626 participants
Moderate

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Behavioural problems: overall · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)

2 findings from 1 review

Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 351 participants
Low
Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 442 participants
Moderate

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Social behaviour: music vs other activities · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)

2 findings from 1 review

Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 48 participants
Very low
Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 70 participants
Very low

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Cognitive function · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)

2 findings from 1 review

Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 193 participants
Low
Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 350 participants
Low

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Outcomes (long‐term) · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Music‐based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Antidepressants vs placebo

Depression at endpoint · patients with depression and dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for treating depression in dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 614 participants
High

Antidepressants vs placebo

Number of responders · patients with depression and dementia

Antidepressant treatment showed no clear difference in number of responders (ITT) at 6 to 12 weeks compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for treating depression in dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.71 [0.8, 3.67]
3 studies · 116 participants
Low

Antidepressants vs placebo

Remission · patients with depression and dementia

Antidepressant treatment probably leads to higher number of patients with remission (ITT) at 6 to 12 weeks compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for treating depression in dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.57
4 studies · 240 participants
Moderate

Antidepressants vs placebo

Cognitive function · patients with depression and dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for treating depression in dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 194 participants
Moderate

Antidepressants vs placebo

Activities of daily living · patients with depression and dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for treating depression in dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 173 participants
High

Antidepressants vs placebo

Dropout · patients with depression and dementia

Antidepressant treatment probably leads to higher number of dropouts at 6 to 13 weeks compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for treating depression in dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.51 [1.07, 2.14]
9 studies · 836 participants
Moderate

Antidepressants vs placebo

Risk for at least one adverse event per patient · patients with depression and dementia

Antidepressant treatment probably leads to higher number of patients experiencing at least one adverse event compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for treating depression in dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.55 [1.21, 1.98]
5 studies · 1073 participants
Moderate

Valproate vs placebo

Behavioural problems: agitation or aggression · people with agitation in dementia

3 findings from 1 review

Valproate preparations for agitation in dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 202 participants
Moderate
Valproate preparations for agitation in dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 202 participants
Moderate
Valproate preparations for agitation in dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 217 participants
Very low

Valproate vs placebo

Cognitive function · people with agitation in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate preparations for agitation in dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 217 participants
Very low

Valproate vs placebo

Functional performance · people with agitation in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate preparations for agitation in dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 203 participants
Moderate