Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

767 questions · 780 findings · 55 reviews · Public Health

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No studies found 162 · 20.8%GRADE not reported 52 · 6.7%Very low 231 · 29.6%Low 191 · 24.5%Moderate 122 · 15.6%High 22 · 2.8%

Staple foods fortified with vitamin A vs same unfortified staple foods

All‐cause morbidity · general population over 2 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Staple foods fortified with vitamin A vs same unfortified staple foods

Any adverse effects (e.g. hypervitaminosis A, as defined by the trialists) · general population over 2 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs same unfortified staple foods

Serum/plasma retinol (μmol/L) · general population over 2 years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1009 participants
Low

Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs same unfortified staple foods

Subclinical vitamin A deficiency (serum/plasma retinol 0.70 μmol/L or less) · general population over 2 years of age

Staple foods fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients probably leads to lower subclinical vitamin A deficiency (serum/plasma retinol 0.70 μmol/L… compared with same unfortified staple foods (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.27 [0.16, 0.49]
3 studies · 923 participants
Moderate

Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs same unfortified staple foods

Clinical vitamin A deficiency (as defined by night blindness) · general population over 2 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Death (all‐cause) · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Mental development · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Cognitive function and motor skill development · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Cretinism · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Hypothyroidism · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects (RCT) · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 33 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Urinary iodine concentration (RCT) · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 2032 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Urinary iodine concentration (non‐RCT) · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
262 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Thyroid‐stimulating hormone concentration · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Serum thyroglobulin concentration · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Goitre prevalence (RCT) · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Goitre prevalence (non‐RCT) · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes goitre prevalence (non‐RCT) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.6 [0.6, 4.31]
83 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Physical development measures (non‐RCT) · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

a. Weight · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
83 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

b. Height assessment tool not reported · all populations, including pregnant women, from any country

1 finding from 1 review

Iodine fortification of foods and condiments, other than salt, for preventing iodine deficiency disorders 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
83 participants
Very low