Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

767 questions · 780 findings · 55 reviews · Public Health

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No studies found 162 · 20.8%GRADE not reported 52 · 6.7%Very low 231 · 29.6%Low 191 · 24.5%Moderate 122 · 15.6%High 22 · 2.8%

Adverse event outcomes for physical activity interventions vs control

Binge eating · children aged 13‐18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 556 participants
Moderate

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) · children aged 13‐18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 16543 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Body‐mass index (BMI) · children aged 13‐18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 16583 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Depression · children aged 13‐18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 779 participants
High

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) · children aged 0‐5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 6261 participants
Moderate

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Clinical levels of shape and weight concern · children aged 13‐18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 282 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Anxiety · children aged 13‐18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 779 participants
High

Dietary interventions vs physical activity interventions

Body‐mass index (BMI) · children aged 6‐12 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 4917 participants
High

Dietary interventions vs physical activity interventions

Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) · children aged 6‐12 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1205 participants
High

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs physical activity interventions

Body‐mass index (BMI) · children aged 6‐12 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 3946 participants
High

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs physical activity interventions

Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) · children aged 6‐12 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 3946 participants
High

Dietary interventions vs diet and physical activity interventions combined

Body‐mass index (BMI) · children aged 6‐12 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 3971 participants
High

Dietary interventions vs diet and physical activity interventions combined

Body‐mass index z score (zBMI) · children aged 6‐12 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 3971 participants
High

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Body‐mass index (BMI) · children aged 0‐5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 5536 participants
Moderate

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Insufficient weight gain in infants · children aged 0 to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 110 participants
Very low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Physical injuries · children aged 0 to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 652 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Adverse events · children aged 0 to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 983 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Infections · children aged 0 to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 709 participants
Low

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Anaemia · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… may leads to lower anaemia (defined as haemoglobin below the WHO cut‐off, adjusted for… compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.72 [0.54, 0.97]
7 studies · 1634 participants
Low

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Iron deficiency (as defined by study authors, based on a biomarker of iron status) · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… may leads to lower iron deficiency (as defined by study authors, based on a biomarker… compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.66 [0.51, 0.84]
8 studies · 1733 participants
Low