Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

779 questions · 866 findings · 43 reviews · Oral and maxillofacial surgery

No studies found 188 · 21.7%GRADE not reported 548 · 63.3%Very low 81 · 9.4%Low 37 · 4.3%Moderate 8 · 0.9%High 4 · 0.5%

Lingual nerve retractor (subperiosteal or Free's) vs No retractor

Permanent altered tongue, chin, or lip sensation · Adults with mandibular third molars requiring removal

It is very uncertain whether lingual nerve retractor (subperiosteal or Free's) changes permanent altered tongue, chin, or lip sensation compared with no retractor (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Autologous platelet concentrate (PRP/PRF) in socket vs No blood product (conventional)

Presence of dry socket · Adults with mandibular third molars requiring removal

Autologous platelet concentrate (PRP/PRF) in socket may leads to lower alveolar osteitis compared with no blood product (conventional) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary (complete) wound closure vs Secondary (partial) wound closure

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · Adults with mandibular third molars requiring removal

Primary (complete) wound closure showed no clear difference in maximum mouth opening (mean) compared with secondary (partial) wound closure; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Mechanical (high-volume) irrigation vs Manual (low-volume) irrigation

Presence of dry socket · Adults with mandibular third molars requiring removal

It is very uncertain whether mechanical (high-volume) irrigation changes alveolar osteitis compared with manual (low-volume) irrigation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Piezoelectric bone removal vs Conventional rotary handpiece

Trismus / maximum mouth opening (mean) · Adults with mandibular third molars requiring removal

Piezoelectric bone removal led to higher trismus / maximum mouth opening (mean) compared with conventional rotary handpiece; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Autologous platelet concentrate (PRP/PRF) in socket vs No blood product (conventional)

Postoperative pain (mean) · Adults with mandibular third molars requiring removal

Autologous platelet concentrate (PRP/PRF) in socket showed no clear difference in postoperative pain (mean) compared with no blood product (conventional); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo)

Number of minor postoperative bleeding episodes · People with haemophilia (A or B) undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride gel (topically applied; operator- or self-applied; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs High-content fluoride toothpaste (1350 ppm)

Adverse effects · Adults with head and neck cancer undergoing curative or adjuvant radiotherapy (at risk of osteoradionecrosis of the jaws)
1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo)

Outcome not reported · People with Von Willebrand disease undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) following extractions vs penicillin G

Incidence of ORN · Adults with head and neck cancer undergoing curative or adjuvant radiotherapy (at risk of osteoradionecrosis of the jaws)

It is very uncertain whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) following extractions changes incidence of ORN compared with perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (penicillin G) following… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo)

Major bleeding, requiring transfusion of packed red blood cells · People with haemophilia (A or B) undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions
1 finding from 1 review