Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

31 questions · 31 findings · 14 reviews · Neonatal

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 1 · 3.2%Very low 9 · 29%Low 16 · 51.6%Moderate 4 · 12.9%High 1 · 3.2%

nHFV vs nIPPV following failure of initial non‐invasive respiratory support

Mortality before hospital discharge · ventilated preterm infants with failure of initial non‐invasive respiratory support

nHFV showed no clear difference in mortality before hospital discharge compared with nIPPV following failure of initial non‐invasive respiratory support (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

Summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital showed no clear difference in mortality before hospital discharge compared with levetiracetam (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs phenytoin

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes mortality before hospital discharge compared with phenytoin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs lorazepam

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes mortality before hospital discharge compared with lorazepam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital + bumetanide vs phenobarbital

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital + bumetanide changes mortality before hospital discharge compared with phenobarbital alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes mortality before hospital discharge compared with levetiracetam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Maintenance ASM vs no maintenance ASM after achieving seizure control

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

Summary of findings table ‐ Maintenance ASM showed no clear difference in mortality before hospital discharge compared with no maintenance ASM after achieving seizure control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Treatment of clinical and electrographic seizures vs treatment of clinical seizures alone

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates

Summary of findings table ‐ Treatment of clinical and electrographic… showed no clear difference in mortality before hospital discharge compared with treatment of clinical seizures alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Slow vs faster rates of enteral feed advancement

Mortality before hospital discharge · very preterm or very low birth weight infants

Slow showed no clear difference in mortality before hospital discharge compared with faster rates of enteral feed advancement (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Quality and volume of gastric residual vs quality of gastric residual alone

Mortality before hospital discharge · feed interruption while monitoring gastric residual

Summary of findings table ‐ Quality and volume of gastric residual showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality before hospital discharge compared with quality of gastric residual alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ routine monitoring vs no routine monitoring of gastric residual

Mortality before hospital discharge · preterm infants

Summary of findings table ‐ routine monitoring showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality before hospital discharge compared with no routine monitoring of gastric residual (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review