What do systematic reviews say?

Inspiratory muscle training vs control or sham

• Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 182 participants
  Very low
• Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 86 participants
  Moderate

Pulmonary rehabilitation plus inspiratory muscle training vs pulmonary rehabilitation alone

• Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 908 participants
  Low
• Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 657 participants
  Very low

28 days on/off antibiotic regimen vs 28 days on/off placebo regimen

• Intermittent prophylactic antibiotics for bronchiectasis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Moderate
• Intermittent prophylactic antibiotics for bronchiectasis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

14 days on/off antibiotic regimen vs 28 days on/off antibiotic regimen

• Intermittent prophylactic antibiotics for bronchiectasis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  High
• Intermittent prophylactic antibiotics for bronchiectasis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  High

14 days on/off antibiotic regimen vs 14 days on/off placebo regimen

• Intermittent prophylactic antibiotics for bronchiectasis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  High
• Intermittent prophylactic antibiotics for bronchiectasis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Moderate

Integrated disease management interventions vs usual care

• Integrated disease management interventions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  18 studies · 4321 participants
  Moderate

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs sham CPAP

• Non‐invasive positive airway pressure therapy for improving erectile dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnoea 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 61 participants
  GRADE not reported

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐invasive positive airway pressure therapy for improving erectile dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnoea 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs no CPAP

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐invasive positive airway pressure therapy for improving erectile dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnoea 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Atorvastatin vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Statins for asthma 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Effects of school‐based asthma interventions vs usual care

• School‐based self‐management interventions for asthma in children and adolescents: a mixed methods systematic review 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 2587 participants
  Moderate

Speech and language therapy vs healthy lifestyle advice

Speech and language therapy may leads to higher health‐related quality of life compared with healthy lifestyle advice (low certainty).

• Speech and language therapy for management of chronic cough 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 1.53 [0.21, 2.85]
  1 study · 71 participants
  Low

NMES and exercise vs exercise (with or without sham NMES)

• Neuromuscular electrostimulation for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 122 participants
  Very low

NMES vs usual care with or without sham interventions

• Neuromuscular electrostimulation for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 72 participants
  Very low

Self‐management interventions vs usual care

• Self‐management for bronchiectasis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 20 participants
  Very low
• Self‐management for bronchiectasis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 60 participants
  Low

Vilanterol and fluticasone furoate vs placebo

Vilanterol and fluticasone furoate showed no clear difference in health‐related quality of life compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Vilanterol and fluticasone furoate for asthma 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 0.3
  2012 participants
  Moderate

Upper limb exercise training vs No upper limb training

• Upper limb exercise training for COPD 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 126 participants
  Moderate

RhDNase vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Mucolytics for bronchiectasis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Erdosteine vs no treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Mucolytics for bronchiectasis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Bromhexine vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Mucolytics for bronchiectasis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found