Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,949 questions · 1,994 findings · 636 reviews

No studies found 504 · 25.3%GRADE not reported 340 · 17.1%Very low 477 · 23.9%Low 390 · 19.6%Moderate 241 · 12.1%High 42 · 2.1%

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture vs valproate

Frequency of adverse effects ‐ malaise ( · participants with epilepsy (one included study only recruited children with absence epilepsy while another included study recruited both…

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ malaise ( compared with valproate (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: catgut implantation at acupoints vs valproate

Frequency of adverse effects ‐ malaise ( · participants with generalised epilepsy

Summary of findings: catgut implantation at acupoints showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ malaise ( compared with valproate (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate vs valproate

Frequency of adverse effects ‐ malaise ( · participants with generalised epilepsy

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus valproate showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ malaise ( compared with valproate alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pre‐hospital vs in‐hospital thrombolysis

Adverse effects ‐ bleeding complications · participants with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction

Pre‐hospital showed no clear difference in adverse effects ‐ bleeding complications compared with in‐hospital thrombolysis (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CLOZAPINE vs Typical antipsychotics

Adverse effects 4. Salivation ‐ too much · patients with schizophrenia

CLOZAPINE probably leads to higher adverse effects 4. Salivation ‐ too much compared with TYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Metformin + levonorgestrel (intrauterine system) vs levonorgestrel intrauterine system

Adverse events: nausea · endometrial hyperplasia

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Metformin + levonorgestrel (intrauterine… changes adverse effects during treatment ‐ nausea compared with levonorgestrel intrauterine system (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mixed action antidepressant vs placebo

Participants with at least some Side Effects · cannabis dependence

Mixed action antidepressant showed no clear difference in participants experiencing adverse effects compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Buspirone vs placebo

Participants with at least some Side Effects · cannabis dependence

Buspirone showed no clear difference in participants experiencing adverse effects compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

N‐acetylcysteine vs placebo

Participants with at least some Side Effects · cannabis dependence

N‐acetylcysteine showed no clear difference in participants experiencing adverse effects compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review