Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,949 questions · 1,994 findings · 636 reviews

No studies found 504 · 25.3%GRADE not reported 340 · 17.1%Very low 477 · 23.9%Low 390 · 19.6%Moderate 241 · 12.1%High 42 · 2.1%

Laxative vs placebo

Adverse effects on babies: loose stools · women in the postpartum period

It is very uncertain whether laxative changes adverse effects on babies: loose stools compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IVIg vs placebo

All harmful effects · patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Yoga vs no specific active intervention

Adverse effects at short term (6 weeks) · women with either stress‐predominant or urge‐predominant urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether yoga changes adverse effects at short term (6 weeks) compared with no specific active intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Betahistine vs placebo

Significant adverse events · patients with subjective idiopathic tinnitus
2 findings from 1 review

Amifostine vs no treatment/placebo

Adverse effects (other reported events) · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
1 finding from 1 review

Mefloquine vs doxycycline

Discontinuation of treatment due to side effects ( · Non‐immune adults and children travelling to malaria‐endemic settings

Mefloquine showed no clear difference in discontinuations due to adverse effects compared with doxycycline; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pilocarpine vs no treatment/placebo

Adverse effects (other reported events) · Patients receiving radiotherapy on its own or in addition to chemotherapy to the head and neck region
1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture vs valproate

Nausea · participants with epilepsy (one included study only recruited children with absence epilepsy while another included study recruited both…

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture showed no clear difference in frequency of adverse effects ‐ nausea ( compared with valproate (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review