What do systematic reviews say?

Stiripentol vs add‐on placebo

Add‐on stiripentol showed no clear difference in neurological adverse effects compared with add‐on placebo (low certainty).

• Stiripentol add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant focal epilepsy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.65 [0.88, 8.01]
  1 study · 32 participants
  Low

Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without antimicrobials/surgery) vs usual care or no treatment

• Treatment of periodontitis for glycaemic control in people with diabetes mellitus 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3-4 months
  SoF comment: insufficient evidence to determine whether SRP for glycaemic control is associated with any harms; most studies did not evaluate adverse effects. Where reported (e.g. D'Aiuto 2018) serious adverse events…
  Studies not reported
  GRADE not reported

Prophylaxis with standard therapeutic factor concentrate vs pegylated liposome FVIII formulation

• Clotting factor concentrates for preventing bleeding and bleeding‐related complications in previously treated… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 143 participants
  Low

Mycophenolate mofetil vs levamisole

It is very uncertain whether mycophenolate mofetil changes adverse effects: peritonitis compared with levamisole (very low certainty).

• Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.32 [0.03, 3.01]
  1 study · 149 participants
  Very low

Mycophenolate mofetil vs cyclosporin

Mycophenolate mofetil showed no clear difference in adverse effects: lymphopenia compared with cyclosporin (low certainty).

• Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.64 [0.08, 4.85]
  2 studies · 84 participants
  Low

Mycophenolate mofetil vs cyclosporin

Mycophenolate mofetil showed no clear difference in adverse effects: reduced GFR compared with cyclosporin (low certainty).

• Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.01, 7.45]
  1 study · 24 participants
  Low

Cyclophosphamide vs chlorambucil

Cyclophosphamide may leads to lower adverse effects: lymphopenia compared with chlorambucil (low certainty).

• Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.43 [0.21, 0.87]
  1 study · 50 participants
  Low

Rituximab vs placebo or control

Rituximab showed no clear difference in adverse effects: arthropathy compared with placebo or control (low certainty).

• Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.92 [0.45, 33.98]
  2 studies · 84 participants
  Low

Intravenous magnesium sulphate vs placebo

Intravenous magnesium sulphate showed no clear difference in adverse effects: hypotension compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Magnesium for treating sickle cell disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.57 [0.5, 13.08]
  2 studies · 306 participants
  Low

PRP (platelet-rich plasma) in cellulose foam placed in extraction socket vs placebo, no treatment or surveillance only

• Interventions for preventing osteoradionecrosis of the jaws in adults receiving head and neck radiotherapy 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2 weeks to 12 months
  This comparison was only made in 1 study: mean pain scores at 2 weeks, 2, 6, 9, and 12 months showed no 'significant' differences between the 2 groups (self-reported Likert scale 1 to 10; difference at 2 weeks P =…
  1 study · 44 participants
  Very low

Phototherapeutic keratectomy vs alcohol delamination

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for recurrent corneal erosions 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Therapeutic contact lens vs topical lubrication

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for recurrent corneal erosions 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prophylactic LMWH vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Treatment for superficial thrombophlebitis of the leg 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Therapeutic LMWH vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Treatment for superficial thrombophlebitis of the leg 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

NSAIDs vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Treatment for superficial thrombophlebitis of the leg 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Fondaparinux vs placebo

Fondaparinux showed no clear difference in adverse effects of treatment compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Treatment for superficial thrombophlebitis of the leg 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.13 [0.78, 1.65]
  1 study · 2987 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Exercise interventions and patient beliefs for people with hip, knee or hip and knee osteoarthritis: a mixed methods… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

CLOZAPINE + RISPERIDONE vs CLOZAPINE + SULPIRIDE (Kong 2001)

It is very uncertain whether CLOZAPINE + RISPERIDONE changes adverse effects: weight gain compared with CLOZAPINE + SULPIRIDE (Kong 2001) (very low certainty).

• Clozapine combined with different antipsychotic drugs for treatment‐resistant schizophrenia 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.4 [0.08, 1.9]
  1 study · 60 participants
  Very low

CLOZAPINE + ARIPIPRAZOLE vs CLOZAPINE + HALOPERIDOL (Cipriani 2013)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Clozapine combined with different antipsychotic drugs for treatment‐resistant schizophrenia 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

CLOZAPINE + RISPERIDONE vs CLOZAPINE + ZIPRASIDONE (Kuwilsky 2010)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Clozapine combined with different antipsychotic drugs for treatment‐resistant schizophrenia 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found