What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes adverse effects (very low certainty).

• Calcitonin for metastatic bone pain 2006 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.5 [0.77, 15.88]
  2 studies · 88 participants
  Very low

Patching vs no patching

Patching showed no clear difference in adverse effects1 compared with no patching (low certainty).

• Patching for corneal abrasion 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.24 [0.87, 12.05]
  8 studies · 660 participants
  Low

Initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery

It is very uncertain whether initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy changes adverse effects ( compared with initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery (very low certainty).

• Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.58 [0.42, 0.82]
  1 study · 63 participants
  Very low

Intensification of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs intensification guided by clinical recurrence

It is very uncertain whether intensification of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy changes adverse effects ( compared with intensification guided by clinical recurrence (very low certainty).

• Colonoscopy‐guided therapy for the prevention of post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.78 [0.49, 1.25]
  1 study · 174 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Compression therapy for treating post‐thrombotic syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

• Compression therapy for treating post‐thrombotic syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 32 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

The intervention may leads to lower adverse effects ( (low certainty).

• Compression therapy for prevention of post‐thrombotic syndrome 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 1296 participants
  Low

Electrical stimulation (ES) once a week vs ES three times a week

• Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted electrodes for overactive bladder in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 35 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture vs sham

• Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 120 participants
  GRADE not reported

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture vs phenytoin

• Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 120 participants
  GRADE not reported

Summary of findings: needle acupuncture plus Chinese herbs vs Chinese herbs alone

• Acupuncture for epilepsy 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 120 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Hormone replacement therapy for women with type 1 diabetes mellitus 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 56 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Computer‐based diabetes self‐management interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  16 studies · 3578 participants
  High

Intervention not reported

• Momordica charantia for type 2 diabetes mellitus 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 479 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating osteoarthritis of the big toe joint 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Stiripentol vs add‐on placebo

Add‐on stiripentol may leads to higher ≥ 1 adverse effects compared with add‐on placebo (low certainty).

• Stiripentol add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant focal epilepsy 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.65 [1.08, 6.47]
  1 study · 32 participants
  Low

Vitrectomy vs vitreous tap biopsy and antibiotic injection

• Early vitrectomy for exogenous endophthalmitis following surgery 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 420 participants
  Very low

Sulthiame vs phenytoin

Sulthiame showed no clear difference in all adverse effects compared with phenytoin (low certainty).

• Sulthiame monotherapy for epilepsy 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.05 [0.54, 2.07]
  1 study · 146 participants
  Low

Sulthiame vs placebo

• Sulthiame monotherapy for epilepsy 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 100 participants
  GRADE not reported

Multivitamin plus iron plus folate vs iron plus folate

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Vitamin supplementation for preventing miscarriage 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found