What do systematic reviews say?

Surgical thrombectomy vs mechanical thrombectomy

It is very uncertain whether surgical thrombectomy changes failure compared with mechanical thrombectomy (very low certainty).

• Interventions for thrombosed haemodialysis arteriovenous fistulas and grafts 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.92 [0.64, 1.32]
  3 studies · 404 participants
  Very low

Surgical thrombectomy vs pulse spray technique

It is very uncertain whether surgical thrombectomy changes failure compared with pulse spray technique (very low certainty).

• Interventions for thrombosed haemodialysis arteriovenous fistulas and grafts 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.67 [0.14, 3.17]
  1 study · 20 participants
  Very low

Surgical thrombectomy vs continuous infusion

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for thrombosed haemodialysis arteriovenous fistulas and grafts 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Surgical thrombectomy vs different types of endovascular interventions

It is very uncertain whether surgical thrombectomy changes failure compared with different types of endovascular interventions (very low certainty).

• Interventions for thrombosed haemodialysis arteriovenous fistulas and grafts 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.66 [0.23, 1.89]
  1 study · 115 participants
  Very low

Surgical vs conservative interventions

Surgical may leads to lower treatment failuref Indication for non‐routine secondary surgery compared with conservative interventions (low certainty).

• Surgical versus conservative interventions for treating fractures of the middle third of the clavicle 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.32 [0.2, 0.5]
  12 studies · 1197 participants
  Low

Surgical fixation vs non‐surgical immobilisation

It is very uncertain whether surgical fixation changes treatment failure requiring re‐intervention compared with non‐surgical immobilisation (very low certainty).

• Interventions for treating supracondylar elbow fractures in children 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.33 [0.01, 7.87]
  Studies not reported
  Very low

Surgical interventions (exploration and decompression / external neurolysis, internal neurolysis, neurorrhaphy / direct repair, neuroma excision, anastomosis, autologous or allograft nerve grafting or tubulization) vs conservative interventions

It is very uncertain whether surgical intervention changes treatment failure (usually requiring a subsequent operation) at 1 year compared with conservative intervention (very low certainty).

• Surgical versus conservative interventions for treating acromioclavicular dislocation of the shoulder in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.99 [0.51, 1.94]
  6 studies · 342 participants
  Very low

Surgical anchorage (mini-screw or mid-palatal implant) vs Conventional anchorage (headgear, transpalatal/palatal arch, etc.)

• Reinforcement of anchorage during orthodontic brace treatment with implants or other surgical methods 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Reported in 5 studies but not pooled due to variability in the definition of success and incomplete reporting. Success rates: mini-implants 71.43% (10/14) (Basha 2010); Orthosystem mid-palatal implant 91.30% (21/23) vs…
  5 studies
  GRADE not reported

Surgical abortion procedures: mid‐level providers vs doctors

Surgical abortion procedures: mid‐level providers showed no clear difference in failure/incomplete abortion (RCTs) Provider assessment compared with doctors (low certainty).

• Doctors or mid‐level providers for abortion 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.97 [0.21, 41.82]
  2 studies · 2789 participants
  Low

Surgical abortion procedures: mid‐level providers vs doctors

It is very uncertain whether surgical abortion procedures: mid‐level providers changes failure/incomplete abortion (observational studies) Provider or… compared with doctors (very low certainty).

• Doctors or mid‐level providers for abortion 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.2 [1.34, 3.6]
  3 studies · 13715 participants
  Very low