Primary study · included by 1 review
Exposure to disinfection by-products and risk of cancer: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
Shi 2024 · Shi Jingyi, Zhang Kui, Xiao Tianshu, et al. · Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2024
Included by
| Outcome this study informs | Pooled effect | Evidence | Certainty |
|---|---|---|---|
Risk of bladder cancer Nitrate in drinking water vs No exposure | OR 1.00 [0.69, 1.45] | 3 studies · 8679 participants | Very low |
Risk of bladder cancer Exposure to chloroform vs No exposure | RR 1.00 [0.99, 1.02] | 3 studies · 89434 participants | Very low |
Risk of bladder cancer Exposure to disinfection by-products vs No exposure | RR 1.59 [1.24, 2.04] | 11 studies · 978500 participants | Very low |
Risk of bladder cancer Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5): 5 μg/m3 increment vs Reference level (per-increment dose-response) | RR 1.07 [1.03, 1.11] | 8 studies · 470260109 participants | Moderate |
1 including review in total.