Primary study · included by 1 review

Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Bladder Cancer: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.

Lao 2021 · Lao Yongfeng, Li Xiaolong, He Lijuan, et al. · Frontiers in oncology · 2021

Included by

Bladder cancer risk factors: a comprehensive umbrella review of meta-analyses.

Non-Cochrane · aetiology · 2026 · cited as Lao 2021 · Table 1 (Included MA); References

Outcome this study informs	Pooled effect	Evidence	Certainty
Risk of bladder cancer Moderate alcohol consumption vs No alcohol consumption	RR 0.90 [0.53, 1.51]	2 studies · 488213 participants	Very low
Risk of bladder cancer Light alcohol consumption vs No alcohol consumption	RR 0.96 [0.84, 1.08]	2 studies · 488213 participants	Very low
Risk of bladder cancer Beer: 12 g increment vs Reference level (per-increment dose-response)	RR 1.03 [0.98, 1.08]	5 studies	Very low
Risk of bladder cancer Wine: 12 g increment vs Reference level (per-increment dose-response)	RR 1.01 [0.97, 1.05]	4 studies	Very low
Risk of bladder cancer Liquor or spirits: 12 g increment vs Reference level (per-increment dose-response)	RR 1.09 [1.01, 1.17]	5 studies	Very low
Risk of bladder cancer Heavy alcohol consumption vs No alcohol consumption	RR 0.97 [0.69, 1.37]	2 studies · 488213 participants	Very low

1 including review in total.