Primary study · included by 1 review

Fasting salivary glucose levels is not a better measure for identifying diabetes mellitus than serum or capillary blood glucose levels: comparison in a Ghanaian population.

Ephraim 2019 · Ephraim Richard K D, Anto Enoch Odame, Acheampong Emmanuel, et al. · Heliyon · 2019

Included by

Salivary Glucose Testing for Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Current Evidence and Methodological Heterogeneity.

Non-Cochrane · DTA · 2026 · cited as Ephraim 2019 · Table 1

Outcome this study informs	Pooled effect	Evidence	Certainty
Coefficient of determination (r2) of salivary glucose on blood glucose, whole-mouth saliva Whole-mouth (unstimulated) salivary glucose, glucose oxidase method vs Blood glucose (reference measurement) · Paired saliva and blood samples after overnight fast (at least 8 h)	R2 0.05	9 studies · 796 participants	GRADE not reported
Blood glucose level (mg/dL), diabetic minus non-diabetic Diabetes mellitus group (salivary and blood glucose levels) vs Non-diabetic healthy control group · Paired saliva and blood samples after overnight fast (at least 8 h)	MD 81.59 [63.18, 100.01]	20 studies · 3048 participants	GRADE not reported
Salivary glucose level (mg/dL) Participants with diabetes mellitus (group mean) vs Non-diabetic participants (group mean) · Single fasting sampling (at least 8 h overnight fast)	MD 4.43 [2.05, 6.80]	23 studies · 3245 participants	GRADE not reported

1 including review in total.