evidencegaps
Primary study · included by 1 review

Peri-implant soft tissue inflammatory parameters and crestal bone loss among waterpipe (narghile) smokers and never-smokers with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Al-Sowygh 2018 · Al-Sowygh Zeyad H, Al-Kheraif Abdulaziz A, Akram Zohaib, et al. · Journal of periodontology · 2018

Included by

The Impact of Cigarette Smoking, Waterpipe Smoking, and E-Cigarette Vaping on Peri-Implant Clinical Outcomes and Inflammatory Markers: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Non-Cochrane · aetiology · 2025 · cited as Al-Sowygh 2018 · References [64]; Tables 9-11

The review does not say which of its outcomes this study informs.

1 including review in total.