Primary study · included by 2 reviews

Zhao 2025

ProbableThe reviews cited this study without a PMID, DOI or NCT, so it is matched by first author and year. Two different studies by the same author in the same year could be merged here.

Included by

Incidence and risk factors of oral mucosal pressure injury in patients with oral tracheal intubation: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Non-Cochrane · prognostic · 2026 · cited as Zhao et al. 2025 · Table 1; reference 31

Outcome this study informs	Pooled effect	Evidence	Certainty
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 28 [23, 34]	19 studies	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 30 [23, 39]	17 studies	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 32 [10, 60]	5 studies	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 21 [11, 32]	6 studies	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 16 [14, 41]	11 studies	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 26 [9, 48]	7 studies	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 35 [4, 76]	5 studies	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 18 [8, 30]	7 studies	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 36 [28, 44]	5 studies	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 37 [14, 63]	7 studies	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 31 [24, 38]	17 studies	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 29 [21, 38]	24 studies · 9904 participants	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 27 [12, 46]	7 studies	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 36 [30, 41]	12 studies	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 30 [23, 38]	11 studies	GRADE not reported
Incidence of oral mucosal pressure injury Oral tracheal intubation	Pooled incidence (%) 30 [17, 46]	8 studies	GRADE not reported

Diversity and taxonomic differences in the oral microbiota of stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Non-Cochrane · aetiology · 2026 · cited as Zhao 2025 · Table 1; Fig. 2; Fig. 3; References

Outcome this study informs	Pooled effect	Evidence	Certainty
Chao1 alpha diversity Stroke (oral microbiota of stroke patients) vs Healthy adult controls without history of stroke · Single oral sample; collection from 24 h to 3 months after stroke (varies by study)	SMD 0.17 [-0.4, 0.73]	8 studies · 661 participants	Low
Shannon alpha diversity Stroke (oral microbiota of stroke patients) vs Healthy adult controls without history of stroke · Single oral sample; collection from 24 h to 3 months after stroke (varies by study)	SMD 0.18 [-0.04, 0.4]	9 studies	GRADE not reported
Shannon alpha diversity Stroke (oral microbiota of stroke patients) vs Healthy adult controls without history of stroke · Single oral sample; collection from 24 h to 3 months after stroke (varies by study)	SMD 0.31 [0.02, 0.61]	10 studies · 1241 participants	Low
Simpson alpha diversity Stroke (oral microbiota of stroke patients) vs Healthy adult controls without history of stroke · Single oral sample; collection from 24 h to 3 months after stroke (varies by study)	SMD 0.18 [-0.05, 0.41]	5 studies · 307 participants	Low

2 including reviews in total.