Primary study · included by 1 review

Yanagisawa 2009

ProbableThe reviews cited this study without a PMID, DOI or NCT, so it is matched by first author and year. Two different studies by the same author in the same year could be merged here.

Included by

The Effect of Tobacco Smoking on Tooth Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Non-Cochrane · aetiology · 2026 · cited as Yanagisawa 2009 · Fig. 2; Table 2

Outcome this study informs	Pooled effect	Evidence	Certainty
Tooth loss Past (former) tobacco smoking vs Non-smoking or never smoking · Mean follow-up 13 years	RR 1.21 [1.07, 1.37]	2 studies · 35522 participants	Very low
Tooth loss Current tobacco smoking vs Non-smoking or never smoking · Mean follow-up 9.3 years	RR 1.41 [1.24, 1.60]	5 studies · 64413 participants	Very low
Tooth loss Past (former) tobacco smoking vs Non-smoking or never smoking	RR 1.18 [1.13, 1.23]	2 studies	GRADE not reported
Tooth loss Current tobacco smoking vs Non-smoking or never smoking	RR 1.51 [1.48, 1.55]	5 studies	GRADE not reported

1 including review in total.