evidencegaps
Primary study · included by 1 review

Xie 2023

Included by

Predictive models for dysphagia in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Non-Cochrane · prognostic · 2026 · cited as Xie 2023 · Reference list; Table 1
Outcome this study informsPooled effectEvidenceCertainty
Dysphagia risk
Polypharmacy vs No polypharmacy
OR 4.37 [2.11, 9.06]3 studiesGRADE not reported
Dysphagia risk
Frailty (weakness) vs No frailty
OR 4.28 [2.28, 8.04]4 studiesGRADE not reported
Dysphagia risk
Impaired self-care ability (categorical) vs Independent self-care
OR 4.40 [3.52, 5.51]4 studiesGRADE not reported

1 including review in total.