Primary study · included by 1 review

Nanotopographical 3D-Printed Poly(ε-caprolactone) Scaffolds Enhance Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Urine-Derived Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration

Xing 2022 · Xing Fei, Yin Hua-Mo, Zhe Man, et al. · Pharmaceutics · 2022

Included by

Polycaprolactone Scaffolds for BONE Regeneration in Animal Models of Cranial Defects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Non-Cochrane · intervention · 2026 · cited as Xing 2022 · Figures 2-4; Table 4; reference [37]

Outcome this study informs	Pooled effect	Evidence	Certainty
Bone regeneration (BV/TV, %) after 2 months (late stage, 3 months) Polycaprolactone (PCL)-only scaffold vs Empty defect · After 2 months (late; 3 months)	QM = 0.163, df = 3, p = 0.983, R2 = 0%	16 studies	GRADE not reported
Bone regeneration (BV/TV, %) at 1-2 months (middle stage) Polycaprolactone (PCL)-only scaffold vs Empty defect · 1-2 months (middle)	QM = 0.019, df = 1, p = 0.891, R2 = 0%	27 studies	GRADE not reported
Bone regeneration (BV/TV, %) after 2 months (late stage, 3 months) Polycaprolactone (PCL)-only scaffold vs Empty defect · After 2 months (late; 3 months)	QM = 0.01, df = 1, p = 0.922, R2 = 0%	16 studies	GRADE not reported
Bone regeneration (BV/TV, %) after 2 months (late stage, 3 months) Polycaprolactone (PCL)-only scaffold vs Empty defect · After 2 months (late; 3 months)	Meta-regression beta (difference in MD, %) -0.646 [-15.869, 14.577]	16 studies	GRADE not reported
Bone regeneration (BV/TV, %) at 1-2 months (middle stage) Polycaprolactone (PCL)-only scaffold vs Empty defect · 1-2 months (middle)	QM = 0.148, df = 1, p = 0.701, R2 = 0%	27 studies	GRADE not reported
Bone regeneration (BV/TV, %) after 2 months (late stage, 3 months) Polycaprolactone (PCL)-only scaffold vs Empty defect · After 2 months (late; 3 months)	QM = 0.099, df = 1, p = 0.753, R2 = 0%	16 studies	GRADE not reported
Bone regeneration (BV/TV, %) after 2 months (late stage, 3 months) Polycaprolactone (PCL)-only scaffold vs Empty defect · After 2 months (late; 3 months)	MD 2.22 [-1.36, 5.8]	15 studies · 122 participants	GRADE not reported
Bone regeneration (BV/TV, %) after 2 months (late stage, 3 months) Polycaprolactone (PCL)-only scaffold vs Empty defect · After 2 months (late; 3 months)	Meta-regression beta (difference in MD, %) -0.556 [-15.803, 14.691]	16 studies	GRADE not reported
Bone regeneration (BV/TV, %) at 1-2 months (middle stage) Polycaprolactone (PCL)-only scaffold vs Empty defect · 1-2 months (middle)	QM = 3.742, df = 2, p = 0.154, R2 = 6.4%	27 studies	GRADE not reported
Bone regeneration (BV/TV, %) after 2 months (late stage, 3 months) Polycaprolactone (PCL)-only scaffold vs Empty defect · After 2 months (late; 3 months)	Meta-regression beta (difference in MD, %) 1.527 [-6.989, 10.044]	16 studies	GRADE not reported
Bone regeneration (BV/TV, %) at 1-2 months (middle stage) Polycaprolactone (PCL)-only scaffold vs Empty defect · 1-2 months (middle)	MD 5.6 [3.48, 7.72]	25 studies · 260 participants	GRADE not reported
Bone regeneration (BV/TV, %) at 1-2 months (middle stage) Polycaprolactone (PCL)-only scaffold vs Empty defect · 1-2 months (middle)	Meta-regression beta (difference in MD, %) 10.748 [-0.505, 22.001]	27 studies	GRADE not reported
Bone regeneration (BV/TV, %) at 1-2 months (middle stage) Polycaprolactone (PCL)-only scaffold vs Empty defect · 1-2 months (middle)	Meta-regression beta (difference in MD, %) 1.677 [-3.37, 6.723]	27 studies	GRADE not reported

1 including review in total.