Non-Cochrane · aetiology · PM42930429
TMJ Effusion and Anterior Disk Displacement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Portelli Marco, Russo Ignazio, Bellocchio Angela Mirea, et al. · Dentistry journal · 2026 · PubMed · doi:10.3390/dj14100663
Findings
21 findings
| Population | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Presence of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination · Random-effects sensitivity analysis omitting Westesson 1992 | OR 1.73 [1.42, 2.11] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Presence of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination · Random-effects sensitivity analysis omitting Roh 2012 | OR 1.70 [1.39, 2.07] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Presence of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination · Common-effect model | OR 1.72 [1.50, 1.97] GRADE not reported 17 studies |
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Presence of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination · Random-effects sensitivity analysis omitting Ogura 2019 | OR 1.71 [1.42, 2.07] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Presence of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination · Random-effects sensitivity analysis omitting Li 2024 | OR 1.67 [1.36, 2.06] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Presence of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination · Random-effects sensitivity analysis omitting Hosgor 2019 | OR 1.65 [1.39, 1.95] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Presence of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination · Random-effects sensitivity analysis omitting Xu 2023 | OR 1.69 [1.40, 2.05] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| Patients with temporomandibular disorders and anterior disc displacement on TMJ MRI (TMJ-level) | Anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWOR) | Anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDWR) | Joint effusion on MRI (presence) Cross-sectional (single MRI examination) · TMD patients undergoing TMJ MRI in 7 countries · Sensitivity: leave-one-out, omitting Rudisch 2001 | OR 1.72 [1.43, 2.06] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Presence of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination · Random-effects sensitivity analysis omitting Mizuhashi 2022 | OR 1.66 [1.40, 1.97] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Severity of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination | no estimate extracted GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Presence of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination · Random-effects sensitivity analysis omitting Koh 2013 | OR 1.79 [1.52, 2.12] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| Patients with temporomandibular disorders and anterior disc displacement on TMJ MRI (TMJ-level) | Anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWOR) | Anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDWR) | Joint effusion on MRI (presence) Cross-sectional (single MRI examination) · TMD patients undergoing TMJ MRI in 7 countries · Sensitivity: leave-one-out, omitting Manfredini 2009 | OR 1.72 [1.42, 2.08] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| Patients with temporomandibular disorders and anterior disc displacement on TMJ MRI (TMJ-level) | Anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWOR) | Anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDWR) | Joint effusion on MRI (presence) Cross-sectional (single MRI examination) · TMD patients undergoing TMJ MRI in 7 countries · Sensitivity: leave-one-out, omitting Orlando 2009 | OR 1.71 [1.42, 2.06] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Presence of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination · Random-effects sensitivity analysis omitting Mizuhashi 2024 | OR 1.74 [1.46, 2.07] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Presence of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination · Random-effects sensitivity analysis omitting Yasan 2023 | OR 1.66 [1.38, 2.00] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Presence of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination · Random-effects sensitivity analysis omitting Liao 2025 | OR 1.65 [1.41, 1.92] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Presence of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination · Random-effects model | OR 1.70 [1.42, 2.03] GRADE not reported 17 studies |
| Patients with temporomandibular disorders and anterior disc displacement on TMJ MRI (TMJ-level) | Anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWOR) | Anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDWR) | Joint effusion on MRI (presence) Cross-sectional (single MRI examination) · TMD patients undergoing TMJ MRI in 7 countries · Sensitivity: leave-one-out, omitting Yesiltepe 2022 | OR 1.70 [1.41, 2.04] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| Patients with temporomandibular disorders and anterior disc displacement on TMJ MRI (TMJ-level) | Anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWOR) | Anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDWR) | Joint effusion on MRI (presence) Cross-sectional (single MRI examination) · TMD patients undergoing TMJ MRI in 7 countries · Sensitivity: leave-one-out, omitting Thomas 2018 | OR 1.72 [1.43, 2.06] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| Patients with temporomandibular disorders and anterior disc displacement on TMJ MRI (TMJ-level) | Anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWOR) | Anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDWR) | Joint effusion on MRI (presence) Cross-sectional (single MRI examination) · TMD patients undergoing TMJ MRI in 7 countries · Sensitivity: leave-one-out, omitting Khawaja 2016 | OR 1.73 [1.44, 2.07] GRADE not reported 16 studies |
| People with anterior temporomandibular disc displacement assessed by MRI | Anterior disc displacement without reduction | Anterior disc displacement with reduction | Presence of joint effusion on MRI Single MRI examination · Design-effect sensitivity analysis across assumed ICC 0–0.8 | the design-effect-corrected random-effects OR ranged from approximately 1.68 to 1.70, and its 95% confidence interval did not include 1 across the range examined GRADE not reported 17 studies |
Included primary studies 29
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hosgor 2019 The relationship between temporomandibular joint effusion and pain in patients with internal derangement DOI:10.1016/j.jcms.2019.03.010 | 2019 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Hosgor 2019 The relationship between temporomandibular joint effusion and pain in patients with internal derangement. PMID:30935852 | 2019 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Khawaja 2016 Is There an Association Between Temporomandibular Joint Effusion and Arthralgia? DOI:10.1016/j.joms.2016.08.027 | 2017 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Khawaja 2016 Is There an Association Between Temporomandibular Joint Effusion and Arthralgia? PMID:27663534 | 2017 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Koh 2013 Relationship between anterior disc displacement with/without reduction and effusion in temporomandibular disorder patients using magnetic… PMID:24380063 | 2013 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Li 2024 Comparative study of clinical and MRI features of TMD patients with or without joint effusion: a retrospective study DOI:10.1186/s12903-024-04065-4 | 2024 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Li 2024 Comparative study of clinical and MRI features of TMD patients with or without joint effusion: a retrospective study. PMID:38461246 | 2024 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Liao 2025 Semi-quantitative study of magnetic resonance imaging features of disc-condylar complex in patients with anterior disc displacement… DOI:10.1186/s12880-025-01888-7 | 2025 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Liao 2025 Semi-quantitative study of magnetic resonance imaging features of disc-condylar complex in patients with anterior disc displacement… PMID:41053618 | 2025 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Manfredini 2009 Association between magnetic resonance signs of temporomandibular joint effusion and disk displacement DOI:10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.03.033 | 2009 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Manfredini 2009 Association between magnetic resonance signs of temporomandibular joint effusion and disk displacement. PMID:18602307 | 2009 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Mizuhashi 2022 Examination for the factors contribute to joint effusion in patients with internal derangement on temporomandibular joint disorder DOI:10.4103/jomr.jomr_17_22 | 2022 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Mizuhashi 2024 Examination of Joint Effusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders with Disc Displacement. PMID:39452404 | 2024 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Ogura 2019 Characteristics of the patients with temporomandibular joint effusion on magnetic resonance imaging DOI:10.4103/jomr.jomr_20_19 | 2019 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Orlando 2009 Risk of temporomandibular joint effusion related to magnetic resonance imaging signs of disc displacement. PMID:19333188 | 2009 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Roh 2012 Relationships between disk displacement, joint effusion, and degenerative changes of the TMJ in TMD patients based on MRI findings DOI:10.1016/j.jcms.2011.04.006 | 2012 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Roh 2012 Relationships between disk displacement, joint effusion, and degenerative changes of the TMJ in TMD patients based on MRI findings. PMID:21745748 | 2012 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Rudisch 2001 Magnetic resonance imaging findings of internal derangement and effusion in patients with unilateral temporomandibular joint pain DOI:10.1067/moe.2001.116817 | 2001 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Rudisch 2001 Magnetic resonance imaging findings of internal derangement and effusion in patients with unilateral temporomandibular joint pain. PMID:11709695 | 2001 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Thomas 2018 Do signs of an effusion of the temporomandibular joint on magnetic resonance imaging correlate with signs and symptoms of… DOI:10.1016/j.bjoms.2017.11.011 | 2018 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Thomas 2018 Do signs of an effusion of the temporomandibular joint on magnetic resonance imaging correlate with signs and symptoms of… PMID:29395449 | 2018 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Westesson 1992 Temporomandibular joint: relationship between MR evidence of effusion and the presence of pain and disk displacement. DOI:10.2214/ajr.159.3.1503025 | 1992 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Westesson 1992 Temporomandibular joint: relationship between MR evidence of effusion and the presence of pain and disk displacement. PMID:1503025 | 1992 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Xu 2023 Reconstructed magnetic resonance image‐based effusion volume assessment for temporomandibular joint arthralgia DOI:10.1111/joor.13551 | 2023 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Xu 2023 Reconstructed magnetic resonance image-based effusion volume assessment for temporomandibular joint arthralgia. PMID:37391274 | 2023 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Yasan 2023 Evaluation of clinical signs and magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with temporomandibular disorders DOI:10.1016/j.jcms.2023.08.013 | 2023 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Yasan 2023 Evaluation of clinical signs and magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with temporomandibular disorders. PMID:37604767 | 2023 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Yesiltepe 2022 Evaluation of the lateral pterygoid muscle area, attachment type, signal intensity and presence of arthrosis, effusion in the TMJ… DOI:10.1016/j.jormas.2022.04.011 | 2022 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
| Yesiltepe 2022 Evaluation of the lateral pterygoid muscle area, attachment type, signal intensity and presence of arthrosis, effusion in the TMJ… PMID:35472484 | 2022 | this review only | Presence of joint effusion on MRI | not extracted yet |
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Observational studies of subjects of both sexes with data on anterior disc displacement and joint effusion diagnosis; more than 15 TMJs per group | TMD patients undergoing TMJ MRI (n=17 studies; about 2980 patients; 4254 TMJs) |
| Intervention | Anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWOR) | ADDWOR (n=17; 2256 TMJs) |
| Comparison | Anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDWR) | ADDWR (n=17; 1998 TMJs) |
| Outcomes | Presence and severity of joint effusion on MRI | Presence of joint effusion on MRI (n=17); severity not pooled |
| Study designs | Cross-sectional, cohort or case-control studies; English; humans | Analytical cross-sectional (n=13), cohort (n=2), case-control (n=2) |
| Timing | Not specified | Single MRI examination (cross-sectional) |