Non-Cochrane · prognostic · PM41821898
Prognostic factors in young patients with oral cavity cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 24 studies.
Saade Rami, Khoury Rita, Hassan Jana, et al. · Frontiers in oncology · 2026 · PubMed · doi:10.3389/fonc.2026.1780074
Findings
Population Young patients with oral cavity (oral and tongue) cancer
15 findings
| Age (as modeled in the included studies) | Not specified | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 0.8 [0.34, 1.25] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Female sex | Male sex | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 1.08 [0.97, 1.2] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Smoking | Non-smoking | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 0.66 [-0.16, 1.47] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Tumor size (per cm increase) | Per 1 cm smaller tumor size | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 1.01 [1.0, 1.03] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Greater depth of invasion | Lower depth of invasion | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 1.03 [1.01, 1.05] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| High tumor grade (grade 3-4) | Lower tumor grade | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 2.15 [1.52, 2.77] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Lymphovascular invasion present | Lymphovascular invasion absent | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 2.15 [-0.12, 4.42] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Perineural invasion present | Perineural invasion absent | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 1.52 [-1.46, 4.51] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Positive surgical margins | Negative surgical margins | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 1.58 [0.99, 2.16] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Advancing T stage | Lower T stage | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 1.77 [1.23, 2.31] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| pT3-4 tumors | pT1-2 tumors | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 1.06 [-0.49, 2.6] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Higher N stage | Lower N stage | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 1.24 [1.11, 1.37] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Nodal metastasis (N+) | No nodal metastasis (N0) | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 2.05 [1.24, 2.85] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Distant metastasis | No distant metastasis | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 1.91 [0.41, 3.41] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Receipt of adjuvant therapy | No adjuvant therapy | Overall survival Hospital-based retrospective cohorts | HR 8.16 [2.85, 13.48] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
Included primary studies 23
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adduri 2014 P53 nuclear stabilization is associated with FHIT loss and younger age of onset in squamous cell carcinoma of oral tongue. PMID:25152695 | 2014 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Bommakanti 2023 Stage-Specific Survival in Young Patients With Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma. PMID:35700039 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Decker 2021 PMS2: a potential prognostic protein marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma. PMID:33247565 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Deneuve 2022 Oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas in young patients according to their smoking status: a GETTEC study. PMID:33877432 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Fan 2014 Survival analysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma in a subgroup of young patients. PMID:25374224 | 2014 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Farhat 2022 Oral squamous cell carcinoma in patients aged 45 and younger: Prognosis, survival, and quality of life. PMID:34758935 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Gamez 2018 Treatment outcomes of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity in young adults. PMID:30527242 | 2018 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Iype 2001 Oral cancer among patients under the age of 35 years. PMID:11832617 | 2001 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Iype 2004 Squamous cell cancer of the buccal mucosa in young adults. PMID:15121260 | 2004 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kies 2012 Phase II trial of induction chemotherapy followed by surgery for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue in young adults. PMID:22009800 | 2012 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kim 2023 Genetic characteristics of advanced oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma in young patients. PMID:37393663 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Lee 2020 Prognostic significance of smoking and alcohol history in young age oral cavity cancer. PMID:32430951 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Liao 2018 The influence of marital status on survival for patients aged 65 years and younger with oral cavity cancer. PMID:29685504 | 2018 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Manuel 2003 Survival in patients under 45 years with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue. PMID:12729777 | 2003 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mascitti 2020 Histological features and survival in young patients with HPV-negative oral squamous cell carcinoma. PMID:32531817 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Miller 2019 Clinical features and outcomes in young adults with oral tongue cancer. PMID:30472130 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mneimneh 2021 Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Young Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. PMID:33797696 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Myers 2000 Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in young adults: increasing incidence and factors that predict treatment outcomes. PMID:10629481 | 2000 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Okuyama 2021 Multicenter retrospective analysis of clinicopathological features and prognosis of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma in adolescent and… PMID:34731158 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Parzefall 2021 PRKCA Overexpression Is Frequent in Young Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients and Is Associated with Poor Prognosis. PMID:33923093 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Subramaniam 2018 Oral cancer in the young with no tobacco exposure: A distinct epidemiological subset? DOI:10.4103/2347-8128.208524 | 2018 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Thomas 2012 Prognostic features, human papillomavirus status, and epidermal growth factor receptor expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma in young… PMID:22387125 | 2012 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Warnakulasuriya 2007 Oral cancer survival in young people in South East England. PMID:17350878 | 2007 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Young patients with oral and tongue cancer | Young oral cavity cancer patients (n=6965) in 24 studies; age cutoffs from 35 to 65 years |
| Intervention | Prognostic factors (adjusted hazard ratios from regression models) | Demographic, tumor, pathologic, TNM, molecular and treatment-related prognostic factors (15 pooled with at least 2 studies) |
| Comparison | Not specified | Not specified |
| Outcomes | Overall survival (primary, pooled); disease-specific survival, disease-free survival and other oncologic outcomes summarized narratively | Overall survival (pooled adjusted hazard ratios) |
| Study designs | Observational cohort studies reporting regression-derived prognostic estimates | Retrospective cohort studies (n=24 per abstract; flow diagram and Table 1 list 23) |
| Timing | Not specified | Not specified |