Non-Cochrane · intervention · PM41497253
A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the success of different protective liners after performing selective caries removal.
Patankar Vaishnavi Ratnakar, Jain Ashish K, Rao Rahul D, et al. · Biomaterial investigations in dentistry · 2025 · PubMed · doi:10.2340/biid.v12.45221
Findings
Population Patients with deep carious lesions in permanent posterior teeth after selective caries removal (indirect pulp capping)
6 findings
| Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) liner | Calcium hydroxide liner | Pulp vitality (clinical and radiographic success) 12 months · Dental clinics (India, Libya, USA, UK, Turkey, Bangladesh) | RR 0.98 [0.92, 1.06] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision 2 studies · 168 participants |
| Biodentine liner | Calcium hydroxide liner | Pulp vitality (clinical and radiographic success) 12 months · Dental clinics (India, Libya, USA, UK, Turkey, Bangladesh) | RR 1.05 [0.94, 1.18] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision 2 studies · 86 participants |
| Theracal LC liner | Calcium hydroxide liner | Pulp vitality (clinical and radiographic success) 12 months · Dental clinics (India, Libya, USA, UK, Turkey, Bangladesh) · Sensitivity analysis excluding Rahman 2021 (wider CI, serious risk of bias) | RR 1.00 [0.95, 1.05] GRADE not reported 2 studies · 192 participants |
| Theracal LC liner | Calcium hydroxide liner | Pulp vitality (clinical and radiographic success) 12 months · Dental clinics (India, Libya, USA, UK, Turkey, Bangladesh) | RR 1.02 [0.97, 1.07] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision 3 studies · 230 participants |
| Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) liner | Calcium hydroxide liner | Pulp vitality (clinical and radiographic success) 12 months · Dental clinics (India, Libya, USA, UK, Turkey, Bangladesh) | RR 1.13 [0.95, 1.34] Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency 2 studies · 150 participants |
| Glass ionomer cement (GIC) liner | Calcium hydroxide liner | Pulp vitality (clinical and radiographic success) 12 months · Dental clinics (India, Libya, USA, UK, Turkey, Bangladesh) | no estimate extracted No studies found 0 studies |
Included primary studies 8
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hashem 2015 Clinical and radiographic assessment of the efficacy of calcium silicate indirect pulp capping: a randomized controlled clinical trial. PMID:25710953 | 2015 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Rahman 2021 Comparative Evaluation of Indirect Pulp Therapy in Young Permanent Teeth using Biodentine and Theracal: A Randomized Clinical Trial. PMID:34192759 | 2021 | 1 other review | Pulp vitality (clinical and radiographic success) | not extracted yet |
| Semprum-Clavier 2024 Clinical Comparison of Three Indirect Pulp Capping Restorative Protocols: A Randomized Controlled Prospective Study. PMID:38180467 | 2024 | 1 other review | Pulp vitality (clinical and radiographic success) | not extracted yet |
| Singh 2019 Effect of Different Liners on Pulpal Outcome after Partial Caries Removal: A Preliminary 12 Months Randomised Controlled Trial. PMID:31096259 | 2019 | 1 other review | Pulp vitality (clinical and radiographic success) | not extracted yet |
| Betamar 2020 Evaluation of the Success Rate of Indirect Pulp Capping Treatment using Different Materials: A Clinical Study DOI:10.37376/sjuob.v33i2.7 | 2020 | this review only | Pulp vitality (clinical and radiographic success) | not extracted yet |
| Kaul 2021 Comparative Analysis of Biodentine, Calcium Hydroxide, and 2% Chlorhexidine with Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cement as Indirect Pulp… PMID:34318769 | 2021 | this review only | Pulp vitality (clinical and radiographic success) | not extracted yet |
| Sultana 2016 Evaluation of clinical and radiological outcomes of mineral trioxide aggregate and calcium hydroxide as indirect pulp capping agents in… DOI:10.3329/bsmmuj.v9i3.29462 | 2016 | this review only | Pulp vitality (clinical and radiographic success) | not extracted yet |
| Vural 2017 Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate MTA Indirect Pulp Capping in Deep Caries Lesions After 24-Months. PMID:28581920 | 2017 | this review only | Pulp vitality (clinical and radiographic success) | not extracted yet |
Overlap with other reviews
Reviews that include the same primary studies are not independent evidence. Shared counts match studies by PMID, DOI or NCT, and otherwise by author and year (a probable match). Only the non-Cochrane dental reviews have study lists, so overlap with Cochrane reviews is not counted yet.
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Patients with deep carious lesions in permanent posterior teeth requiring indirect pulp capping | Permanent teeth with deep caries after selective caries removal (n=678 teeth) |
| Intervention | GIC, RMGIC, MTA, Biodentine or Theracal as protective liner after selective caries removal | RMGIC (n=2 trials); Biodentine (n=3); Theracal LC (n=3); MTA (n=2); GIC (n=1, vs Biodentine) |
| Comparison | Calcium hydroxide liner after selective caries removal | Calcium hydroxide (Dycal or powder); GIC (Fuji IX) in one trial |
| Outcomes | Pulp vitality (clinical and radiographic success) after at least 1 year | Pulp vitality at 12 months (n=8) |
| Study designs | Randomized controlled trials | RCTs (n=8) |
| Timing | Minimum 1-year follow-up | 12 months |