Cochrane · systematic review · CD012880
Alcoholics Anonymous and other 12‐step programs for alcohol use disorder
Kelly, JF, Humphreys, K, Ferri, M · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2020 · Cochrane Library
Drugs and AlcoholAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
25
current version
GRADE rated
18
No studies
7
Included studies
NR
No studies 7 · 28%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 8 · 32%Low 2 · 8%Moderate 7 · 28%High 1 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) compared to other clinical interventions for alcohol use disorder (1A)
Population: adults (> 18 years) with alcohol use disorder, alcohol abuse, or alcohol dependence
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Abstinence Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) vs other clinical interventions | RR 1.21 [1.03, 1.42] | 2 studies · 1936 participants | High |
Drinking Intensity Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) vs other clinical interventions | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1516 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Alcohol‐related consequences ( Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) vs other clinical interventions | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 1762 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Alcohol addiction severity( Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) vs other clinical interventions | no estimate extracted | 112 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) compared to other clinical interventions for alcohol use disorder (1B)
Population: adults (> 18 years) with alcohol use disorder, alcohol abuse, or alcohol dependence
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Abstinence Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) vs other clinical interventions | RR 1.71 [0.7, 4.18] | 1 study · 93 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Drinking Intensity Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) vs other clinical interventions | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 93 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Alcohol‐related consequences Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) vs other clinical interventions | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Alcohol addiction severity Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) vs other clinical interventions | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) compared to a different type of TSF for alcohol use disorder (2A)
Population: adults (> 18 years) with alcohol use disorder, alcohol abuse, or alcohol dependence
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Abstinence Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) vs a different type of TSF | RR 1.28 [1, 1.63] | 1 study · 307 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Drinking Intensity Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) vs a different type of TSF | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 42 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Alcohol‐related consequences Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) vs a different type of TSF | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Alcohol addiction severity( Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) vs a different type of TSF | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 307 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) compared to a different type of TSF for alcohol use disorder (2B)
Population: adults (> 18 years) with alcohol use disorder, alcohol abuse, or alcohol dependence
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Abstinence Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) vs a different type of TSF | RR 1.15 [1.02, 1.29] | 382 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Drinking intensity Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) vs a different type of TSF | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Alcohol‐related consequences Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) vs a different type of TSF | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Alcohol addiction severity Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) vs a different type of TSF | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) compared to other clinical interventions for alcohol use disorder: non‐randomized studies (3B)
Population: adults (> 18 years) with alcohol use disorder, alcohol abuse, or alcohol dependence
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Abstinence Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) vs other clinical interventions | RR 1.25 [1.09, 1.43] | 2692 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Drinking intensity Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) vs other clinical interventions | no estimate extracted | 201 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Alcohol‐related consequences ( Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) vs other clinical interventions | no estimate extracted | 647 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Alcohol addiction severity( Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (manualized) vs other clinical interventions | no estimate extracted | 201 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) compared to a different type of TSF for alcohol use disorder: non‐randomized studies (4B)
Population: adults (> 18 years) with alcohol use disorder, alcohol abuse, or alcohol dependence
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Abstinence Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) vs a different type of TSF | RR 1.24 [1.05, 1.46] | 1870 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Drinking Intensity Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) vs a different type of TSF | no estimate extracted | 195 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Alcohol‐related consequences Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) vs a different type of TSF | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Alcohol addiction severity ( Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) (non‐manualized) vs a different type of TSF | no estimate extracted | 140 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) compared to other clinical interventions and a different type of TSF for alcohol use disorder: cost‐effectiveness studies (5)
Population: alcohol use disorder
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Healthcare cost savings( Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)/Twelve‐Step Facilitation (TSF) vs other clinical interventions and a different type of TSF | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 5348 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |