Cochrane · systematic review · CD012345
Polyunsaturated fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Abdelhamid, AS, Martin, N, Bridges, C, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2018 · Cochrane Library
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
14
current version
GRADE rated
14
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 2 · 14.3%Low 4 · 28.6%Moderate 7 · 50%High 1 · 7.1%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Current version onlyHigher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) compared to lower PUFA for cardiovascular disease ‐ primary outcomes
Population: people with or without existing CVD, men and women
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
All‐cause mortality Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 0.98 [0.89, 1.07] | 24 studies · 19290 participants | Moderate |
Coronary heart disease events Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 0.87 [0.72, 1.06] | 15 studies · 10076 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Stroke Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 0.91 [0.58, 1.44] | 11 studies · 14742 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 0.84 [0.59, 1.2] | 2 studies · 2879 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) compared to lower PUFA for cardiovascular disease ‐ additional key outcomes
Population: people with or without existing cardiovascular disease, men and women
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Cardiovascular mortality Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 1.02 [0.82, 1.26] | 16 studies · 15107 participants | Low |
Cardiovascular events Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 0.89 [0.79, 1.01] | 21 studies · 17799 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Coronary heart disease mortality Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 0.91 [0.78, 1.06] | 9 studies · 8810 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Atrial fibrillation and arrhythmias Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 0.87 [0.72, 1.06] | 11 studies · 11692 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Adiposity ‐ body weight, kg Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | no estimate extracted | 13 studies · 7100 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Adiposity ‐ BMI, kg/m2 Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 4798 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Serum total cholesterol (TC, mmol/L) Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | no estimate extracted | 27 studies · 8072 participants | High |
Serum fasting triglyceride (TG, mmol/L) Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | no estimate extracted | 20 studies · 3905 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Serum high‐density lipoprotein (HDL, mmol/L) Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | no estimate extracted | 18 studies · 4674 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Serum low‐density lipoprotein (LDL, mmol/L) Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | no estimate extracted | 15 studies · 3362 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) compared to lower PUFA for cardiovascular disease ‐ primary outcomes
Population: people with or without existing CVD, men and women
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
All‐cause mortality Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 0.98 [0.89, 1.07] | 24 studies · 19290 participants | Moderate |
Coronary heart disease events Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 0.87 [0.72, 1.06] | 15 studies · 10076 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Stroke Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 0.91 [0.58, 1.44] | 11 studies · 14742 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 0.84 [0.59, 1.2] | 2 studies · 2879 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) compared to lower PUFA for cardiovascular disease ‐ additional key outcomes
Population: people with or without existing cardiovascular disease, men and women
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Cardiovascular mortality Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 1.02 [0.82, 1.26] | 16 studies · 15107 participants | Low |
Cardiovascular events Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 0.89 [0.79, 1.01] | 21 studies · 17799 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Coronary heart disease mortality Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 0.91 [0.78, 1.06] | 9 studies · 8810 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Atrial fibrillation and arrhythmias Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | RR 0.87 [0.72, 1.06] | 11 studies · 11692 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Adiposity ‐ body weight, kg Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | no estimate extracted | 13 studies · 7100 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Adiposity ‐ BMI, kg/m2 Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 4798 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Serum total cholesterol (TC, mmol/L) Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | no estimate extracted | 27 studies · 8072 participants | High |
Serum fasting triglyceride (TG, mmol/L) Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | no estimate extracted | 20 studies · 3905 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Serum high‐density lipoprotein (HDL, mmol/L) Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | no estimate extracted | 18 studies · 4674 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |
Serum low‐density lipoprotein (LDL, mmol/L) Higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) vs lower PUFA | no estimate extracted | 15 studies · 3362 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness, publication bias |