Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

125 questions · 128 findings · 12 reviews

No studies found 23 · 18%GRADE not reported 3 · 2.3%Very low 32 · 25%Low 41 · 32%Moderate 19 · 14.8%High 10 · 7.8%

Valproate vs placebo

Response rate at 3 weeks (primary efficacy outcome) · Adults (aged 18 and over) with acute mania

Valproate leads to higher response rate at 3 weeks (primary efficacy outcome) compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs placebo

Dropout · Children and adolescents with acute mania

Valproate showed no clear difference in dropout rate ‐ All‐cause At 4‐6 weeks (secondary acceptability… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs lithium

Response rate at 3 weeks (primary efficacy outcome) · Adults (aged 18 and over) with acute mania

Valproate showed no clear difference in response rate at 3 weeks (primary efficacy outcome) compared with lithium (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs lithium

Primary outcome 3: Adverse events · Adults (aged 18 and over) with acute mania

Valproate showed no clear difference in number of participants with any adverse event at 2‐4 weeks (primary… compared with lithium (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs lithium

Adverse effects: 1. Sedation · Adults (aged 18 and over) with acute mania

Valproate showed no clear difference in individual adverse events ‐ Sedation At 3 weeks (secondary… compared with lithium (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs lithium

Change in symptom severity at 3 weeks (secondary efficacy outcome) · Adults (aged 18 and over) with acute mania
1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs lithium

Dropout · Adults (aged 18 and over) with acute mania

Valproate showed no clear difference in dropout rate ‐ All‐cause At 2‐4 weeks (secondary acceptability… compared with lithium (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs lithium

Response rate at 8 weeks (primary efficacy outcome) · Children and adolescents with acute mania

It is very uncertain whether valproate changes response rate at 8 weeks (primary efficacy outcome) compared with lithium (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs lithium

Number of participants with any adverse event (primary tolerability outcome) · Children and adolescents with acute mania

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs lithium

Adverse events: somnolence/sedation · Children and adolescents with acute mania

It is very uncertain whether valproate changes individual adverse events ‐ Sedation At 8 weeks (secondary… compared with lithium (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs lithium

Change in symptom severity of mania rating scale at 8 weeks (secondary efficacy outcome) · Children and adolescents with acute mania
1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs placebo

Primary outcome 3: Adverse events · Adults (aged 18 and over) with acute mania

Valproate probably leads to higher number with any adverse event after 3 weeks (primary tolerability… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs lithium

Dropout · Children and adolescents with acute mania

It is very uncertain whether valproate changes dropout rate ‐ All‐cause At 8 weeks (secondary acceptability outcome) compared with lithium (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs OLANZAPINE

Response rate at 3 weeks (primary efficacy outcome) · Adults (aged 18 and over) with acute mania

Valproate showed no clear difference in response rate at endpoint at 3 weeks (primary efficacy outcome) compared with olanzapine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs OLANZAPINE

Number of participants with any adverse event (primary tolerability outcome) · Adults (aged 18 and over) with acute mania

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs OLANZAPINE

Adverse effects: 1. Sedation · Adults (aged 18 and over) with acute mania

Valproate leads to lower adverse events ‐ Sedation At 3‐12 weeks (secondary tolerability… compared with olanzapine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs OLANZAPINE

Change in symptom severity at 3 weeks (secondary efficacy outcome) · Adults (aged 18 and over) with acute mania
1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs OLANZAPINE

Dropout · Adults (aged 18 and over) with acute mania

Valproate showed no clear difference in dropout rate ‐ All‐cause At 3‐12 weeks (secondary acceptability… compared with olanzapine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs RISPERIDONE

Response rate at 8 weeks (primary efficacy outcome) · Children and adolescents with acute mania

Valproate may leads to lower response rate at 8 weeks (primary efficacy outcome) compared with risperidone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Valproate vs RISPERIDONE

Number of participants with any adverse event (primary tolerability outcome) · Children and adolescents with acute mania

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review