Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

191 questions · 214 findings · 25 reviews · Airways · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 37 · 17.3%GRADE not reported 9 · 4.2%Very low 48 · 22.4%Low 60 · 28%Moderate 54 · 25.2%High 6 · 2.8%

PPI plus usual care vs usual care alone or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Exacerbations · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

PPI plus usual care may leads to lower exacerbation rate (participants with one or more) study duration: 12… compared with usual care alone or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

PPI plus usual care vs usual care alone or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Acute respiratory infections study duration: 12 months · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether PPI plus usual care changes acute respiratory infections study duration: 12 months compared with usual care alone or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care

Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether remote monitoring plus usual care changes mortality (all‐cause) compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care

Exacerbations (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 exacerbations) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether remote monitoring plus usual care changes number of people experiencing 1 or more exacerbations compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care

QoL · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
2 findings from 1 review

Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care

Time to first hospitalisation after starting intervention · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether remote monitoring plus usual care changes time to first hospitalisation after starting intervention compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remote monitoring plus usual care vs usual care

Time to first COPD‐related re‐admission · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Remote monitoring plus usual care probably leads to lower time to first COPD‐related re‐admission compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care

Number of people experiencing at least 1 exacerbation/moderate to severe exacerbation · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) changes number of people experiencing at least 1 exacerbation/moderate to… compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care

Time to first exacerbation · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) changes time to first exacerbation compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review