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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

9 questions · 12 findings · 1 reviews · Temporomandibular disorders and sleep · All outcomes

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No studies found 2 · 16.7%GRADE not reported 3 · 25%Very low 1 · 8.3%Low 6 · 50%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

CBT vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

Adverse events · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
1 finding from 1 review
  • Psychological therapies for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Only 1 study reported adverse events as an outcome (Litt 2010): it found worsening symptoms in 13 people treated with an oral splint (as part of standard treatment) and 4 people treated with CBT.
    1 study · 101 participants
    Very low

CBT vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

Reduction in pain intensity · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) may leads to lower pain intensity at follow-up (12 months) compared with usual care, waiting list or no treatment (control) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Education vs usual care

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
1 finding from 1 review

CBT plus hypnosis (combined package) vs usual care

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

CBT plus hypnosis (combined package) led to lower pain intensity compared with usual care; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

CBT vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

Disability caused by pain at follow-up · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) showed no clear difference in pain disability at treatment completion compared with usual care, waiting list or no treatment (control) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

CBT vs inactive control (usual care care, attention control, waitlist)

Mental distress · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) showed no clear difference in psychological distress at follow-up compared with usual care, waiting list or no treatment (control) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review