Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

79 questions · 86 findings · 23 reviews · Back and Neck

No studies found 7 · 8.1%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 14 · 16.3%Low 33 · 38.4%Moderate 31 · 36%High 1 · 1.2%

Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo

Pain intensity VAS (0 to 100; 0 = no pain, 100 = worst pain) · adults with chronic low‐back pain

It is very uncertain whether therapeutic ultrasound changes pain intensity Scale: VAS (100‐point scale; higher scores mean… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo

At least 30% reduction in pain · adults with chronic low‐back pain

Therapeutic ultrasound showed no clear difference in pain intensity Scale: VAS (number of responders at 30% reduction of… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Therapeutic ultrasound plus exercise vs exercise

Pain intensity VAS (0 to 100; 0 = no pain, 100 = worst pain) · adults with chronic low‐back pain

It is very uncertain whether therapeutic ultrasound plus exercise changes pain intensity Scale: VAS (100‐point scale; higher scores mean… compared with exercise alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review