Recurrent pyelonephritis · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether nitrofurantoin and close surveillance changes recurrent pyelonephritis compared with close surveillance alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrent UTI (cystitis) · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether nitrofurantoin and close surveillance changes recurrent UTI (cystitis) compared with close surveillance alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Preterm birth · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether nitrofurantoin and close surveillance changes preterm birth (< 37 weeks) compared with close surveillance alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Birthweight < 2500 (g) · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether nitrofurantoin and close surveillance changes birthweight < 2500 (g) compared with close surveillance alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Birthweight (g) · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
1 finding from 1 review
Apgar score less than 7 at 5 minutes · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether nitrofurantoin and close surveillance changes five‐minute Apgar score < seven compared with close surveillance alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Miscarriage · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether nitrofurantoin and close surveillance changes miscarriages compared with close surveillance alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Any perinatal death after randomisation · women with twin pregnancies were randomised from 25 weeks
Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality (after randomisation) compared with fetal growth (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal mortality · women with twin pregnancies were randomised from 25 weeks
Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler showed no clear difference in neonatal death compared with fetal growth (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Preterm birth less than 28 weeks · women with twin pregnancies were randomised from 25 weeks
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Gestational age at birth (weeks) · women with twin pregnancies were randomised from 25 weeks
Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler showed no clear difference in gestational age at birth (weeks) compared with fetal growth (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Caesarean section · women with twin pregnancies were randomised from 25 weeks
Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler showed no clear difference in caesarean section (any) compared with fetal growth (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Induction of labour · women with twin pregnancies were randomised from 25 weeks
Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler showed no clear difference in induction of labour compared with fetal growth (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of antenatal hospital admissions · women with twin pregnancies were randomised from 25 weeks
Fetal growth (biometry) + umbilical artery Doppler showed no clear difference in antenatal admission to hospital compared with fetal growth (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review