Overall survival, post-surgery chemotherapy vs surgery alone (no radiotherapy) · People receiving curative-intent treatment for oral cavity and oropharyngeal (squamous cell) cancer
Surgery +/- radiotherapy + (adjuvant) chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival, adjuvant chemotherapy vs observation alone… compared with surgery +/- radiotherapy alone (observation or adjuvant radiotherapy… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Overall survival, induction platinum + 5-fluorouracil prior to surgery vs surgery alone · People receiving curative-intent treatment for oral cavity and oropharyngeal (squamous cell) cancer
Induction chemotherapy plus locoregional treatment (radiotherapy… showed no clear difference in overall survival, induction platinum + 5-fluorouracil prior to… compared with locoregional treatment (radiotherapy and/or surgery) alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events associated with treatment · Adults with oropharyngeal cancer
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events: grade 2+ treatment-related events similar (31/34 radiotherapy vs 33/34 surgery; RR 0.94, 0.83 to 1.06); more hearing loss/neutropenia/constipation/tinnitus with radiotherapy, more oral bleeding/trismus…
1 study · 68 participants
Very low
Total mortality · Adults with oropharyngeal cancer
Surgery showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with radiotherapy alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Locoregional recurrence · Adults with oropharyngeal cancer
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Disease-free survival · Adults with oropharyngeal cancer
Surgery showed no clear difference in disease-free survival (new disease, progression, and mortality) compared with radiotherapy alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrence · Adults with oropharyngeal cancer
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
It is very uncertain whether surgery plus Heister jaw opener changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with surgery plus wooden tongue depressors (very low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Burning sensation (VAS 0-100) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
1 finding from 1 review
Vadepally 2019 measured burning sensation on a VAS but did not fully report results, stating there was no significant difference between the 2 groups (p=0.617).
1 study · 50 participants
GRADE not reported
Total mortality · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…
Pre-operative radiotherapy (plus surgery) showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with surgery alone; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
HR 0.83 [0.64, 1.07]
1 study
GRADE not reported
Locoregional control · People with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (ICD-O C01-C06) or oropharynx (ICD-O C09-C10); head and neck cancer trials…
Pre-operative radiotherapy (plus surgery) showed no clear difference in locoregional control compared with surgery alone; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.63 [0.28, 1.46]
1 study
GRADE not reported
Disease-free survival · People receiving curative-intent treatment for oral cavity and oropharyngeal (squamous cell) cancer
Surgery +/- radiotherapy + (adjuvant) chemotherapy led to lower disease-free survival, adjuvant concurrent chemoradiation vs… compared with surgery +/- radiotherapy alone (observation or adjuvant radiotherapy…; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
HR 0.84 [0.72, 0.97]
4 studies
GRADE not reported
Overall survival, adjuvant concomitant chemoradiotherapy vs post-surgery radiotherapy alone · People receiving curative-intent treatment for oral cavity and oropharyngeal (squamous cell) cancer
Surgery +/- radiotherapy + (adjuvant) chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival, adjuvant concurrent chemoradiation vs adjuvant… compared with surgery +/- radiotherapy alone (observation or adjuvant radiotherapy… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Overall survival, induction cisplatin + 5-fluorouracil + docetaxel prior to concurrent chemoradiation (cisplatin) vs concurrent chemoradiation (cisplatin) · People receiving curative-intent treatment for oral cavity and oropharyngeal (squamous cell) cancer
Induction chemotherapy plus locoregional treatment (radiotherapy… showed no clear difference in overall survival, induction cisplatin + 5-fluorouracil + docetaxel… compared with locoregional treatment (radiotherapy and/or surgery) alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Locoregional control · People receiving curative-intent treatment for oral cavity and oropharyngeal (squamous cell) cancer
Induction chemotherapy plus locoregional treatment (radiotherapy… led to lower locoregional control, induction cisplatin + 5-fluorouracil +… compared with locoregional treatment (radiotherapy and/or surgery) alone; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.80 [0.64, 0.99]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Overall survival, induction platinum + 5-fluorouracil prior to radiotherapy vs radiotherapy alone · People receiving curative-intent treatment for oral cavity and oropharyngeal (squamous cell) cancer
Induction chemotherapy plus locoregional treatment (radiotherapy… showed no clear difference in overall survival, induction platinum + 5-fluorouracil prior to… compared with locoregional treatment (radiotherapy and/or surgery) alone (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Disease-free survival · People receiving curative-intent treatment for oral cavity and oropharyngeal (squamous cell) cancer
Induction chemotherapy plus locoregional treatment (radiotherapy… led to lower disease-free survival, induction platinum + 5-fluorouracil prior to… compared with locoregional treatment (radiotherapy and/or surgery) alone; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Overall survival, induction cisplatin + 5-fluorouracil prior to concurrent chemoradiation (cisplatin) vs concurrent chemoradiation (cisplatin) · People receiving curative-intent treatment for oral cavity and oropharyngeal (squamous cell) cancer
Induction chemotherapy plus locoregional treatment (radiotherapy… showed no clear difference in overall survival, induction cisplatin + 5-fluorouracil prior to… compared with locoregional treatment (radiotherapy and/or surgery) alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effect: failure of muscle fusion in the region of the cleft after surgery · Children or adolescents aged 3 years or older with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) associated with non-syndromic submucous cleft palate
1 finding from 1 review
Locoregional recurrence · Adults with oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review