Death ‐ 2 years · patients with people with severe mental illnesses
It is very uncertain whether SHORT changes death ‐ 2 years compared with LONG HOSPITAL STAY (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
No clinically important changes in specific symptoms ‐ positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia (long term) Mental state: Not improved ‐ by 2 years ‐ as measured by PEF scale PEF scale · patients with people with severe mental illnesses
It is very uncertain whether SHORT changes no clinically important changes in specific symptoms ‐ positive and… compared with LONG HOSPITAL STAY (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Patient readmissions · patients with people with severe mental illnesses
SHORT showed no clear difference in service outcomes: 1a. Readmission to hospital (homogeneous studies)… compared with LONG HOSPITAL STAY (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Service outcomes: 3. Leaving hospital prematurely ‐ by 2 years Participants leaving the study prematurely · patients with people with severe mental illnesses
SHORT showed no clear difference in service outcomes: 3. Leaving hospital prematurely ‐ by 2 years… compared with LONG HOSPITAL STAY (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Service outcomes: 4. Discharge delayed beyond the time planned in study ‐ 2‐year data Number of participants kept beyond projected time of discharge · patients with people with severe mental illnesses
SHORT may leads to lower service outcomes: 4. Discharge delayed beyond the time planned in… compared with LONG HOSPITAL STAY (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Leaving the study early · patients with people with severe mental illnesses
SHORT showed no clear difference in leaving the study early (long term) Participants leaving the study… compared with LONG HOSPITAL STAY (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
General functioning: Unemployed, unable to housekeep or unknown employment status ‐ by 2 years Number of participants with poor occupational functioning in 2 years · patients with people with severe mental illnesses
It is very uncertain whether SHORT changes general functioning: Unemployed, unable to housekeep or unknown… compared with LONG HOSPITAL STAY (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Behaviour: Leaving the study early (short‐term) · schizophrenia or related disorders
Avatar Therapy probably leads to higher leaving study early: for any reason – short term compared with supportive counselling (all short‐term) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of Life Manchester Short Assessment (MANSA) · schizophrenia or related disorders
1 finding from 1 review
Mental state: specific – insight – average attitude to voices score (BAVQ‐R, high = poor) – short term · schizophrenia or related disorders
1 finding from 1 review
Adherence to antipsychotic medication: number of missed doses, average endpoint data, short term (up to 6 months) · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Mental state: 3. Negative symptoms ‐ average endpoint score PANSS negative subscore · schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review
Mental state · schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review
Mental state: 2. Positive symptoms ‐ average endpoint score PANSS positive subscore · schizophrenia or related disorders
1 finding from 1 review
Mental state: specific – insight – average attitude to voices score (BAVQ‐R, high = poor) – short term · schizophrenia or related disorders
1 finding from 1 review
Global state: relapse (rehospitalised) – short term · schizophrenia or related disorders
Avatar Therapy showed no clear difference in global state: relapse (rehospitalised) – short term compared with treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events – anxiety – after first session – short term · schizophrenia or related disorders
Avatar Therapy showed no clear difference in adverse events – anxiety – after first session – short term compared with treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
QoL · schizophrenia or related disorders
1 finding from 1 review
Mental state · people with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review
Cognitive functioning (short term) ‐ memory deterioration · people with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia
It is very uncertain whether ECT plus standard care changes cognitive functioning (short term) ‐ memory deterioration compared with standard care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review