Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

160 questions · 160 findings · 25 reviews · Effective Practice and Organisation of Care · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 51 · 31.9%GRADE not reported 4 · 2.5%Very low 32 · 20%Low 35 · 21.9%Moderate 24 · 15%High 14 · 8.8%

Index pricing vs no index pricing

Drug prices · Norwegian citizens taking one of the following drugs: citalopram (depression), omeprazol (antiulcer), cetirizin (allergy), loratadin…

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Maximum prices vs no maximum prices

Drug prices · Patients taking statins

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Index pricing vs no index pricing

Healthcare utilisation · Norwegian citizens taking one of the following drugs: citalopram (depression), omeprazol (antiulcer), cetirizin (allergy), loratadin…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Index pricing vs no index pricing

Health outcomes · Norwegian citizens taking one of the following drugs: citalopram (depression), omeprazol (antiulcer), cetirizin (allergy), loratadin…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Index pricing vs no index pricing

Adverse events · Norwegian citizens taking one of the following drugs: citalopram (depression), omeprazol (antiulcer), cetirizin (allergy), loratadin…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Index pricing vs no index pricing

CI: Confidence interval · Norwegian citizens taking one of the following drugs: citalopram (depression), omeprazol (antiulcer), cetirizin (allergy), loratadin…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Index pricing vs no index pricing

Drug use · Norwegian citizens taking one of the following drugs: citalopram (depression), omeprazol (antiulcer), cetirizin (allergy), loratadin…

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Index pricing vs no index pricing

Drug expenditure · Norwegian citizens taking one of the following drugs: citalopram (depression), omeprazol (antiulcer), cetirizin (allergy), loratadin…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Maximum prices vs no maximum prices

Drug expenditure · Patients taking statins

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Maximum prices vs no maximum prices

Healthcare utilisation · Patients taking statins

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Maximum prices vs no maximum prices

Health outcomes · Patients taking statins

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Maximum prices vs no maximum prices

Drug use · Patients taking statins

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Maximum prices vs no maximum prices

Adverse events · Patients taking statins

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Maximum prices vs no maximum prices

CI: Confidence interval · Patients taking statins

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Reference pricing policy vs no reference pricing

Insurer's cumulative drug expenditures one year after the transition period · Patients with drug insurance

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Reference pricing policy vs no reference pricing

Insurer's drug expenditures one year after the transition period · Patients with drug insurance

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Reference pricing policy vs no reference pricing

Drug use · Patients with drug insurance

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Reference pricing policy vs no reference pricing

Healthcare utilisation · Patients with drug insurance

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Reference pricing policy vs no reference pricing

Health outcomes · Patients with drug insurance

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Reference pricing policy vs no reference pricing

Adverse events · Patients with drug insurance

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found