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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

22 questions · 22 findings · 2 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 1 · 4.5%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 4 · 18.2%Moderate 13 · 59.1%High 4 · 18.2%

Quinine vs placebo

Number of cramps over 2 weeks · patients with muscle cramps
1 finding from 1 review

Quinine vs placebo

Cramp intensity (on 3‐point scale; 1 = mild; 2 = moderate; 3 = severe) · patients with muscle cramps
1 finding from 1 review

Quinine vs placebo

Major adverse events · patients with muscle cramps
1 finding from 1 review
  • Quinine for muscle cramps 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
    no estimate extracted
    18 studies · 1103 participants
    Moderate

Quinine vs placebo

Minor adverse events · patients with muscle cramps
1 finding from 1 review

Quinine vs vitamin E

Cramp intensity (on 3‐point scale; 1 = mild; 2 = moderate; 3 = severe) · patients with muscle cramps
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Death · Children with severe malaria

The intervention leads to lower death (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Hypoglycaemia episodes · Adults with severe malaria

The intervention leads to lower hypoglycaemia episodes (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Neurological sequelae at day 28 · Children with severe malaria

The intervention showed no clear difference in neurological sequelae at day 28 (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Neurological sequelae at discharge · Children with severe malaria

The intervention probably leads to higher neurological sequelae at discharge (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Hypoglycaemia episodes · Children with severe malaria

The intervention leads to lower hypoglycaemia episodes (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Death · Adults with severe malaria

The intervention leads to lower death (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Neurological sequelae at day 28 · Adults with severe malaria

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review