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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

21 questions · 22 findings · 3 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

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No studies found 3 · 13.6%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 2 · 9.1%Low 1 · 4.5%Moderate 6 · 27.3%High 10 · 45.5%

Psychosocial interventions vs treatment

Number of continuously abstinent women ‐ total · stopping or reducing alcohol consumption during pregnancy

Summary of findings table ‐ Any psychosocial intervention may leads to higher number of continuously abstinent women ‐ total compared with treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions vs treatment

Number of women who completed treatment ‐ total · stopping or reducing alcohol consumption during pregnancy

Summary of findings table ‐ Any psychosocial intervention showed no clear difference in number of women who completed treatment ‐ total compared with treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Abstinence · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy leads to higher abstinence at 0 to 5 months postpartum compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Birthweight < 2500 (g) · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy leads to lower low birthweight (under 2500 g) compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Gestational age (preterm birth < 37 weeks) · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy showed no clear difference in preterm birth (under 37 weeks) compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Mean birthweight · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy showed no clear difference in mean birthweight (g) compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Stillbirth · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy showed no clear difference in stillbirths compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Admission to NICU (primary outcome)№ of participants: 204(1 RCT) · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy leads to lower NICU admissions compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Social support vs less intensive interventions 9 · Pregnant women who smoke

The intervention showed no clear difference in social support vs less intensive interventions 9 (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review