What do systematic reviews say?

Early warning systems (EWS) and rapid response systems (RRS) vs usual care

• Early warning systems and rapid response systems for the prevention of patient deterioration on acute adult hospital… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  AOR 0.85 [0.72, 0.99]
  57858 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Paying for performance to improve the delivery of health interventions in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Paying for performance to improve the delivery of health interventions in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Intervention not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for hiring, retaining and training district health systems managers in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intervention not reported

The intervention led to lower population health outcomes; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for hiring, retaining and training district health systems managers in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 1 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Pharmaceutical policies: effects of regulating drug insurance schemes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Pharmaceutical policies: effects of regulating drug insurance schemes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Pharmaceutical policies: effects of regulating drug insurance schemes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Pharmaceutical policies: effects of regulating drug insurance schemes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low

General health checks vs usual care

General health checks showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with usual care (high certainty).

• General health checks in adults for reducing morbidity and mortality from disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.97, 1.03]
  11 studies · 233298 participants
  High

General health checks vs usual care

General health checks showed no clear difference in cancer mortality compared with usual care (high certainty).

• General health checks in adults for reducing morbidity and mortality from disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.01 [0.92, 1.12]
  8 studies · 139290 participants
  High

General health checks vs usual care

General health checks showed no clear difference in cardiovascular mortality compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• General health checks in adults for reducing morbidity and mortality from disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.05 [0.94, 1.16]
  9 studies · 170227 participants
  Moderate

General health checks vs usual care

General health checks showed no clear difference in fatal and non‐fatal ischaemic heart disease compared with usual care (high certainty).

• General health checks in adults for reducing morbidity and mortality from disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.98 [0.94, 1.03]
  4 studies · 164881 participants
  High

General health checks vs usual care

General health checks showed no clear difference in fatal and non‐fatal stroke compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• General health checks in adults for reducing morbidity and mortality from disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.05 [0.95, 1.17]
  3 studies · 107421 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• The effects of interactive training of healthcare providers on the management of life‐threatening emergencies in… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  30 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• The effects of interactive training of healthcare providers on the management of life‐threatening emergencies in… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1778 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• The effects of interactive training of healthcare providers on the management of life‐threatening emergencies in… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  156 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• The effects of interactive training of healthcare providers on the management of life‐threatening emergencies in… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  951 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• The effects of interactive training of healthcare providers on the management of life‐threatening emergencies in… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1417 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• The effects of interactive training of healthcare providers on the management of life‐threatening emergencies in… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  634 participants
  Very low