Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

51 questions · 54 findings · 2 reviews · Musculoskeletal · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 26 · 48.1%GRADE not reported 3 · 5.6%Very low 3 · 5.6%Low 22 · 40.7%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Zoledronate vs pamidronate or risedronate

Number of participants who needed orthopaedic surgery (not measured) · Paget's disease of bone

1 finding from 1 review

Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Bisphosphonates vs placebo

Number of participants who needed orthopaedic surgery (not measured) · Paget's disease of bone

1 finding from 1 review

Bisphosphonates for Paget's disease of bone in adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Custom foot orthoses vs shoes

Pain (measured as proportion with pain) · children with asymptomatic flat feet

Customised foot orthoses showed no clear difference in pain (measured as proportion with pain) compared with shoes (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.85 [0.67, 1.07]
Studies not reported
Low

Prefabricated foot orthoses vs shoes

Quality of life · children with asymptomatic flat feet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Prefabricated foot orthoses vs shoes

Treatment success (caries lesion arrest or restoration survival) · children with asymptomatic flat feet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Prefabricated foot orthoses vs shoes

Withdrawals due to adverse events · children with asymptomatic flat feet

It is very uncertain whether prefabricated foot orthoses changes withdrawal due to adverse events compared with shoes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.99 [0.79, 1.23]
Studies not reported
Very low

Prefabricated foot orthoses vs shoes

Adverse events · children with asymptomatic flat feet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Prefabricated foot orthoses vs shoes

Serious adverse events · children with asymptomatic flat feet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Custom foot orthoses vs prefabricated foot orthoses

Pain(measured as proportion with pain) · children with asymptomatic flat feet

Custom foot orthoses showed no clear difference in pain(measured as proportion with pain) compared with prefabricated foot orthoses (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.93 [0.73, 1.18]
Studies not reported
Low

Custom foot orthoses vs prefabricated foot orthoses

Function or disability · children with asymptomatic flat feet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Custom foot orthoses vs prefabricated foot orthoses

Quality of life · children with asymptomatic flat feet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Custom foot orthoses vs prefabricated foot orthoses

Treatment success (caries lesion arrest or restoration survival) · children with asymptomatic flat feet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Custom foot orthoses vs prefabricated foot orthoses

Withdrawals due to adverse events · children with asymptomatic flat feet

Custom foot orthoses showed no clear difference in withdrawal due to adverse events compared with prefabricated foot orthoses (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.9, 1.12]
Studies not reported
Low

Custom foot orthoses vs shoes

Function or disability · children with asymptomatic flat feet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Custom foot orthoses vs prefabricated foot orthoses

Adverse events · children with asymptomatic flat feet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Custom foot orthoses vs prefabricated foot orthoses

Serious adverse events · children with asymptomatic flat feet

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Custom foot orthoses vs shoes

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and flat feet

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Custom foot orthoses vs shoes

Function or disability (measured on 0 to 100‐point FFI; 0 = no disability) · children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and flat feet

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Custom foot orthoses vs shoes

QoL · children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and flat feet

2 findings from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low
Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Custom foot orthoses vs shoes

Treatment success (measured on the 50FTW (seconds)) · children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and flat feet

1 finding from 1 review

Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low