What do systematic reviews say?

Traditional screening (referral card given if the inspecting dentist judges the child needs to see a dentist) vs No screening

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• School dental screening programmes for oral health 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No studies measured malocclusion or orthodontic treatment needs (by any validated index).
  0 studies
  No studies found

Surgically-anchored orthodontic treatment (miniplates) vs no intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Orthodontic treatment for prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) in children 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF2: Perceived need for surgery in adulthood - Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Low‐level laser therapy vs Conventional orthodontic appliance treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐surgical adjunctive interventions for accelerating tooth movement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Patient-reported need for analgesics | Not reported
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Light-emitting diode (LED) photobiomodulation vs Conventional orthodontic appliance treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Non‐surgical adjunctive interventions for accelerating tooth movement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Patient-reported need for analgesics | Not reported
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Light vibrational forces (LVF) vs Conventional orthodontic appliance treatment

Light vibrational forces (LVF) showed no clear difference in patient-reported need for analgesics during first week of initial… compared with conventional orthodontic appliance treatment (placebo or no adjunct) (low certainty).

• Non‐surgical adjunctive interventions for accelerating tooth movement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment 2023 · Cochrane All outcomes

  First week of initial aligning archwire
  OR 1.64 [0.60, 4.53]
  2 studies · 76 participants
  Low

Facemask (RME) or modified facemask vs Other non-surgical orthodontic treatments (mini maxillary protractor, Pushing Splints, modified tandem, Reverse Forsus, reverse Twin Block, reverse chin cup, tongue appliance, Frankel III)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Orthodontic treatment for prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) in children 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF3: Perceived need for surgery in adulthood - Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Vibratory stimulation (vibratory adjuncts) vs No vibration or placebo vibration

Vibratory stimulation (vibratory adjuncts) led to lower dose/intensity and frequency of pain relief needed (analgesic/rescue… compared with no vibration or placebo vibration; GRADE not reported.

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes

  24 hours
  RR 0.63 [0.44, 0.92]
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

Experimental chewing adjuncts (bite wafers or chewing gum) vs No chewing gum, placebo, or control (no adjunct)

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes

  24 hours to 1 week
  Benson 2012 (57 participants): no statistically significant difference in analgesic consumption at 24 hours (P = 0.903) or one week (P = 0.104).
  1 study · 57 participants
  GRADE not reported

Extraction of the primary (baby) canine (single primary tooth extraction) vs No extraction (non-intervention control)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for promoting the eruption of palatally displaced permanent canine teeth, without the need for surgical… 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Double primary (canine and first molar) tooth extraction vs Single primary (canine) tooth extraction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for promoting the eruption of palatally displaced permanent canine teeth, without the need for surgical… 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Facemask vs no intervention

Facemask may leads to higher perceived need for surgery in adulthood compared with untreated control (no treatment) (low certainty).

• Orthodontic treatment for prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) in children 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6-year follow-up
  OR 3.34 [1.21, 9.24]
  1 study · 65 participants
  Low

Facemask (RME) or modified facemask vs Surgically-anchored appliance (miniscrews or miniplates)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Orthodontic treatment for prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) in children 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF4: Perceived need for surgery in adulthood - Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found