Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

433 questions · 520 findings · 26 reviews

No studies found 158 · 30.4%GRADE not reported 136 · 26.2%Very low 123 · 23.7%Low 58 · 11.2%Moderate 37 · 7.1%High 8 · 1.5%

Non‐surgical vs surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes)

Short‐term mortality All‐cause mortality either in‐hospital or within 3 months · patients with oesophageal cancer

It is very uncertain whether non‐surgical changes short‐term mortality All‐cause mortality either in‐hospital or… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐surgical vs surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes)

Long‐term recurrence (> 5 years) · patients with oesophageal cancer

It is very uncertain whether non‐surgical changes long‐term recurrence (binary outcome) Local recurrence, surgical… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (secondary outcomes) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐surgical vs surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes)

Long‐term recurrence (maximal · patients with oesophageal cancer

Non‐surgical showed no clear difference in long‐term recurrence (time‐to‐event outcome) Local recurrence,… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (secondary outcomes) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐surgical vs surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes)

Proportion with any adverse event within 3 months Any adverse event within 3 months of any severity · patients with oesophageal cancer

It is very uncertain whether non‐surgical changes proportion with any adverse event within 3 months Any adverse event… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (secondary outcomes) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐surgical vs surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes)

Long‐term mortality (binary outcome) All‐cause mortality for the duration of · patients with oesophageal cancer

Non‐surgical showed no clear difference in long‐term mortality (binary outcome) All‐cause mortality for the… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Non‐surgical vs surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes)

Long‐term mortality (time‐to‐event outcome): chemoradiotherapy versus surgery All‐cause mortality for the duration of · patients with oesophageal cancer

Non‐surgical showed no clear difference in long‐term mortality (time‐to‐event outcome): chemoradiotherapy… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Non‐surgical vs surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes)

Long‐term mortality (time‐to‐event outcome): radiotherapy versus surgery All‐cause mortality for the duration of · patients with oesophageal cancer

It is very uncertain whether non‐surgical changes long‐term mortality (time‐to‐event outcome): radiotherapy versus… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐surgical vs surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes)

Proportion of participants with 1 or more serious adverse events according to International Conference on Harmonisation Good Clinical Practice (ICH‐GCP) · patients with oesophageal cancer

It is very uncertain whether non‐surgical changes proportion with a serious adverse event within 3 months Serious… compared with surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer (primary outcomes) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery vs preoperative pharmacological therapy and surgery

Non‐surgical therapy for recurrent or persistent diseaseRadiation therapy and/or pharmacologic therapy for recurrent or persistent disease · adults with growth‐hormone secreting pituitary adenomas

It is very uncertain whether surgery alone changes non‐surgical therapy for recurrent or persistent diseaseRadiation… compared with preoperative pharmacological therapy and surgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review