What do systematic reviews say?

Multiple vs fewer antiplatelet agents

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Multiple versus fewer antiplatelet agents for preventing early recurrence after ischaemic stroke or transient… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Multiple vs fewer antiplatelet agents

Multiple probably leads to lower stroke compared with fewer antiplatelet agents (moderate certainty).

• Multiple versus fewer antiplatelet agents for preventing early recurrence after ischaemic stroke or transient… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.73 [0.66, 0.82]
  14 studies · 16707 participants
  Moderate

Multiple vs fewer antiplatelet agents

Multiple showed no clear difference in vascular death compared with fewer antiplatelet agents (moderate certainty).

• Multiple versus fewer antiplatelet agents for preventing early recurrence after ischaemic stroke or transient… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.98 [0.67, 1.45]
  11 studies · 15901 participants
  Moderate

Multiple vs fewer antiplatelet agents

Multiple showed no clear difference in myocardial infarction compared with fewer antiplatelet agents (high certainty).

• Multiple versus fewer antiplatelet agents for preventing early recurrence after ischaemic stroke or transient… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.38 [0.63, 2.99]
  3 studies · 11411 participants
  High

Multiple vs fewer antiplatelet agents

Multiple probably leads to lower stroke, myocardial infarction, or vascular death compared with fewer antiplatelet agents (moderate certainty).

• Multiple versus fewer antiplatelet agents for preventing early recurrence after ischaemic stroke or transient… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.72 [0.64, 0.82]
  7 studies · 12932 participants
  Moderate

Multiple vs fewer antiplatelet agents

Multiple may leads to higher intracranial haemorrhage compared with fewer antiplatelet agents (low certainty).

• Multiple versus fewer antiplatelet agents for preventing early recurrence after ischaemic stroke or transient… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.92 [1.05, 3.5]
  6 studies · 14287 participants
  Low

Multiple vs fewer antiplatelet agents

Multiple leads to higher extracranial haemorrhage compared with fewer antiplatelet agents (high certainty).

• Multiple versus fewer antiplatelet agents for preventing early recurrence after ischaemic stroke or transient… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.14 [1.79, 2.57]
  7 studies · 10658 participants
  High

Multiple vs fewer antiplatelet agents

Multiple leads to lower ischaemic stroke compared with fewer antiplatelet agents (high certainty).

• Multiple versus fewer antiplatelet agents for preventing early recurrence after ischaemic stroke or transient… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.73 [0.64, 0.83]
  3 studies · 13121 participants
  High

Multiple vs single‐injection technique

Multiple showed no clear difference in secondary analgesia failure ‐ tourniquet pain compared with single‐injection technique (high certainty).

• Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.97 [0.3, 3.11]
  4 studies · 379 participants
  High

Multiple vs single‐injection technique

Multiple showed no clear difference in complete failure of block1 compared with single‐injection technique (moderate certainty).

• Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.31 [0.03, 2.71]
  7 studies · 484 participants
  Moderate

Multiple vs single‐injection technique

• Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 206 participants
  Low

Multiple vs single‐injection technique

Multiple showed no clear difference in intravascular injection compared with single‐injection technique (moderate certainty).

• Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.35 [0.2, 9.06]
  4 studies · 352 participants
  Moderate

Multiple vs single‐injection technique

• Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 244 participants
  Low

Multiple vs double‐injection technique

Multiple leads to lower primary anaesthesia failure compared with double‐injection technique (high certainty).

• Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.27 [0.19, 0.39]
  12 studies · 966 participants
  High

Multiple vs double‐injection technique

Multiple showed no clear difference in secondary analgesia failure ‐ intraoperative sedation required compared with double‐injection technique (high certainty).

• Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.75 [0.55, 1.03]
  7 studies · 716 participants
  High

Multiple vs double‐injection technique

Multiple leads to lower secondary analgesia failure ‐ tourniquet pain compared with double‐injection technique (high certainty).

• Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.53 [0.33, 0.84]
  7 studies · 719 participants
  High

Multiple vs double‐injection technique

Multiple showed no clear difference in complete failure of block1 compared with double‐injection technique (low certainty).

• Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.24 [0.04, 1.41]
  9 studies · 630 participants
  Low

Multiple vs double‐injection technique

• Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 524 participants
  Moderate

Multiple vs double‐injection technique

Multiple showed no clear difference in intravascular injection compared with double‐injection technique (moderate certainty).

• Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.69 [0.32, 1.49]
  7 studies · 676 participants
  Moderate

Multiple vs double‐injection technique

• Single, double or multiple‐injection techniques for non‐ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in adults… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 510 participants
  Low