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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4 questions · 4 findings · 3 reviews · Dental caries

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 4 · 100%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Cranberry extract or cranberry flavonoid fractions vs No extract or vehicle control; other antimicrobial agents

Biofilm morphology or biomass · Streptococcus mutans (in vitro cultures and biofilms)

No meta-analysis was conducted; four included studies reported disrupted biofilm structure or reduced biomass with cranberry extract or fractions.

1 finding from 1 review

Higher circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration vs Lower circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration

Body‐mass index (BMI) · Adults (general population)

Meta-analysis of observational studies (higher vs lower 25(OH)D) for Body mass index: Z score -0.15 (95% CI -0.19 to -0.11), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.

1 finding from 1 review