Pain intensity measured by a number of different measurements; lower score = better. · pregnant women with back pain
Low‐back pain: any exercises + usual prenatal care showed no clear difference in pain intensity measured by a number of different measurements; lower… compared with usual prenatal care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Disability (Roland‐Morris Disability Questionnaire) Scale from: 0 to 23; 0 is no disability. · pregnant women with back pain
Low‐back pain: any exercises + usual prenatal care showed no clear difference in disability measured by Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire and… compared with usual prenatal care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Low Apgar score · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth
1 finding from 1 review
Low umbilical artery pH (< 7.2 or as defined by trial authors) · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women who reported pain on Visual Analogue Scale · pregnant women with, or at risk of developing, pelvic and back pain
Pelvic + low‐back pain: any exercises + usual prenatal care probably leads to lower number of women who reported pain on Visual Analogue Scale. compared with usual prenatal care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women who reported LBPP‐related sick leave. · pregnant women with, or at risk of developing, pelvic and back pain
Pelvic + low‐back pain: any exercises + usual prenatal care probably leads to lower number of women who reported LBPP‐related sick leave. compared with usual prenatal care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Any neonatal injury (primary) · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth
1 finding from 1 review
Third‐ or fourth‐degree perineal tear (with or without episiotomy) · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth
It is very uncertain whether low‐cavity forceps changes third‐ or fourth‐degree perineal tear (with or without episiotomy) compared with any vacuum cup (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Postpartum haemorrhage · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth
1 finding from 1 review
Failed delivery with allocated instrument (primary) · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth
It is very uncertain whether low‐cavity forceps changes failed delivery with allocated instrument (primary) compared with any vacuum cup (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Any maternal trauma (primary) · Women in the second stage of labour, requiring an assisted vaginal birth
It is very uncertain whether low‐cavity forceps changes any maternal trauma (primary) compared with any vacuum cup (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Gestational diabetes · pregnant women
Low‐GI dietary advice showed no clear difference in gestational diabetes compared with moderate‐ to high‐GI dietary advice (maternal outcomes) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy · pregnant women
1 finding from 1 review
Caesarean section · pregnant women
It is very uncertain whether low‐GI dietary advice changes caesarean birth compared with moderate‐ to high‐GI dietary advice (maternal outcomes) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal trauma · pregnant women
1 finding from 1 review
Gestational weight gain · pregnant women
It is very uncertain whether low‐GI dietary advice changes gestational weight gain (kg) compared with moderate‐ to high‐GI dietary advice (maternal outcomes) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Postnatal depression · pregnant women
1 finding from 1 review
Type 2 diabetes mellitus · pregnant women
1 finding from 1 review
Perinatal mortality · pregnant women
1 finding from 1 review
Large‐for‐gestational age · pregnant women
It is very uncertain whether low‐GI dietary advice changes large‐for‐gestational age compared with moderate‐ to high‐GI dietary advice (child outcomes) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review