What do systematic reviews say?

Lifestyle interventions vs control ‐ Maternal outcomes

Lifestyle interventions showed no clear difference in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (pre‐eclampsia) compared with control ‐ Maternal outcomes (low certainty).

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.7 [0.4, 1.22]
  4 studies · 2796 participants
  Low

Lifestyle interventions vs control ‐ Maternal outcomes

Lifestyle interventions showed no clear difference in perineal trauma/tear compared with control ‐ Maternal outcomes (moderate certainty).

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.04 [0.93, 1.18]
  1 study · 1000 participants
  Moderate

Lifestyle interventions vs control ‐ Maternal outcomes

Lifestyle interventions showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with control ‐ Maternal outcomes (low certainty).

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.9 [0.78, 1.05]
  10 studies · 3545 participants
  Low

Lifestyle interventions vs control ‐ Maternal outcomes

Lifestyle interventions showed no clear difference in induction of labour compared with control ‐ Maternal outcomes (high certainty).

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.2 [0.99, 1.46]
  4 studies · 2699 participants
  High

Lifestyle interventions vs control ‐ Maternal outcomes

Lifestyle interventions may leads to lower postnatal depression compared with control ‐ Maternal outcomes (low certainty).

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.49 [0.31, 0.78]
  1 study · 573 participants
  Low

Lifestyle interventions vs control ‐ Maternal outcomes

Lifestyle interventions may leads to higher postnatal weight retention or return to pre‐pregnancy weight compared with control ‐ Maternal outcomes (low certainty).

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.75 [1.05, 2.9]
  1 study · 156 participants
  Low

Lifestyle interventions vs control ‐ Maternal outcomes

Lifestyle interventions showed no clear difference in development of type 2 diabetes ( compared with control ‐ Maternal outcomes (low certainty).

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.98 [0.54, 1.76]
  2 studies · 486 participants
  Low

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

It is very uncertain whether lifestyle changes composite outcome in infant (death, shoulder dystocia, nerve palsy,… compared with control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes (very low certainty).

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.57 [0.21, 1.55]
  2 studies · 1930 participants
  Very low

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

Lifestyle showed no clear difference in neonatal hypoglycaemia compared with control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes (moderate certainty).

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.99 [0.65, 1.52]
  6 studies · 3000 participants
  Moderate

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 958 participants
  Low

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

Lifestyle showed no clear difference in adiposity (child) ‐ Childhood BMI > 85th percentile compared with control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes (moderate certainty).

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.91 [0.75, 1.11]
  3 studies · 767 participants
  Moderate

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

Lifestyle probably leads to lower large‐for‐gestational age compared with control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes (moderate certainty).

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.6 [0.5, 0.71]
  6 studies · 2994 participants
  Moderate

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

Lifestyle showed no clear difference in perinatal (fetal and neonatal death) and later infant mortality compared with control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes (low certainty).

• Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.09 [0.01, 1.7]
  2 studies · 1988 participants
  Low

Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice

• Physical activity, diet and other behavioural interventions for improving cognition and school achievement in children… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 284 participants
  Low

Physical activity plus healthy lifestyle education interventions vs standard practice

• Physical activity, diet and other behavioural interventions for improving cognition and school achievement in children… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported