Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

24 questions · 25 findings · 3 reviews · Oral and maxillofacial surgery

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No studies found 12 · 48%GRADE not reported 6 · 24%Very low 7 · 28%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Laser therapy

Outcome not reported · Adults (>18 years) with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) diagnosed by RDC/TMD or compatible criteria

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
The review noted the noticeable absence of evidence for laser therapy; no eligible RCT evaluated it (Discussion).
0 studies
No studies found

Low‐level laser therapy vs Placebo (sham) laser therapy

Patient-reported altered sensation (spontaneous or evoked: anaesthesia/paraesthesia/dysaesthesia/hyperalgesia/allodynia) · Patients of any age in any setting requiring intervention for iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar or lingual nerve

It is very uncertain whether low-level laser therapy (photon-plus GaAlAs diode laser; 70 mW… changes patient-reported altered sensation (spontaneous or evoked:… compared with placebo (sham) laser therapy (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
Lip
MD 21.79 [5.29, 38.29]
1 study · 13 participants
Very low
Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
Chin
MD 8.40 [3.67, 13.13]
1 study · 13 participants
Very low

Low‐level laser therapy vs Placebo (sham) laser therapy

Somatosensory evoked potentials · Patients of any age in any setting requiring intervention for iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar or lingual nerve

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
Results: 'No studies reported on ... somatosensory evoked potentials ...'. Not reported by the included trials.
0 studies
No studies found

Low‐level laser therapy vs Placebo (sham) laser therapy

Difficulty speaking · Patients of any age in any setting requiring intervention for iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar or lingual nerve

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
SoF row 'Difficulty speaking': This outcome was not reported in the included studies.
0 studies
No studies found

Low‐level laser therapy vs Placebo (sham) laser therapy

Difficulty eating · Patients of any age in any setting requiring intervention for iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar or lingual nerve

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
SoF row 'Difficulty eating': This outcome was not reported in the included studies.
0 studies
No studies found

Low‐level laser therapy vs Placebo (sham) laser therapy

Mechanosensory perception (load in grams to elicit sensation; Semmes Weinstein monofilaments) · Patients of any age in any setting requiring intervention for iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar or lingual nerve

Low-level laser therapy (photon-plus GaAlAs diode laser; 70 mW… led to higher mechanosensory perception (load in grams to elicit sensation; Semmes… compared with placebo (sham) laser therapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
MD 1.07 [0.17, 1.97]
2 studies · 26 participants
GRADE not reported

Low‐level laser therapy vs Placebo (sham) laser therapy

Quality of life · Patients of any age in any setting requiring intervention for iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar or lingual nerve

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
Results: 'No studies reported on quality of life ...'. Not reported by the included laser trials.
0 studies
No studies found

Low‐level laser therapy vs Placebo (sham) laser therapy

Adverse events · Patients of any age in any setting requiring intervention for iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar or lingual nerve

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
SoF row 'Adverse events': This outcome was not reported in the included studies.
0 studies
No studies found

Low‐level laser therapy vs Placebo (sham) laser therapy

Pain · Patients of any age in any setting requiring intervention for iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar or lingual nerve

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
SoF row 'Pain': This outcome was not reported in the included studies.
0 studies
No studies found

Low‐level laser therapy vs Placebo (sham) laser therapy

Taste · Patients of any age in any setting requiring intervention for iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar or lingual nerve

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
SoF row 'Taste': This outcome was not reported in the included studies.
0 studies
No studies found

Low‐level laser therapy vs Placebo (sham) laser therapy

Thermosensory (thermal) perception · Patients of any age in any setting requiring intervention for iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar or lingual nerve

Low-level laser therapy (photon-plus GaAlAs diode laser; 70 mW… showed no clear difference in thermosensory (thermal) perception compared with placebo (sham) laser therapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
MD 1.79 [-2.04, 5.62]
2 studies · 25 participants
GRADE not reported

Low‐level laser therapy vs Placebo (sham) laser therapy

Patient satisfaction · Patients of any age in any setting requiring intervention for iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar or lingual nerve

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
Results: no included study reported quality of life or patient satisfaction. In PUB2 patient satisfaction is merged with quality of life as 'quality of life/patient satisfaction'.
0 studies
No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Self-reported joint pain when chewing · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Listed in Summary of findings 3 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison.
0 studies
No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Recurrence · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Listed in Summary of findings 3 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison.
0 studies
No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Depression · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

Occlusal splint showed no clear difference in depression compared with physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training,…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term · Disc displacement with reduction (DDwR)
MD -0.25 [-0.52, 0.02]
1 study · 60 participants
GRADE not reported

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Severity of joint noise · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes severity of joint noise compared with physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training,… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long term (4 months) · Mixed TMD
MD 5.92 [0.18, 11.66]
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Participant satisfaction or quality of life · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

Occlusal splint led to lower participant satisfaction or quality of life compared with physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training,…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term (1 month) · Mixed TMD
MD -7.56 [-14.50, -0.63]
2 studies · 75 participants
GRADE not reported

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Muscle pain when chewing · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes muscle pain when chewing compared with physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training,… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term (mean 3 months) · Myofascial pain TMD
RR 0.17 [0.02, 1.26]
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Joint pain at rest · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes joint pain at rest compared with physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training,… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term (6 weeks) · Disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR)
RR 0.85 [0.47, 1.57]
1 study · 31 participants
Very low

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Frequency of joint noise · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes frequency of joint noise compared with physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training,… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term (3 months) · Myofascial pain TMD
RR 1.50 [0.32, 6.94]
1 study · 18 participants
Very low