All‐cause mortality during hospital stay · people with critical limb ischaemia
1 finding from 1 review
Rate of amputation · people with critical limb ischaemia
IM injection showed no clear difference in amputation rate Assessed during in‐patient stay compared with IA injection (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Wound/ulcer healing: number of participants with healing ulcer · people with critical limb ischaemia
IM injection showed no clear difference in wound/ulcer healing: number of participants with healing ulcer compared with IA injection (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Rest‐pain relief · people with critical limb ischaemia
IM injection showed no clear difference in reduction in rest pain: number of participants with reduction in… compared with IA injection (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Improvement in lower limb perfusion: ABI · people with critical limb ischaemia
It is very uncertain whether IM injection changes improvement in lower limb perfusion: number of participants with… compared with IA injection (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Improvement in lower limb perfusion: number of participants with improved TcO₂ reading · people with critical limb ischaemia
It is very uncertain whether IM injection changes improvement in lower limb perfusion: number of participants with… compared with IA injection (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: pain on injection (solution deposition), Heft-Parker VAS 0-170 mm · patients treated with subcutaneous heparin injections
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients treated with subcutaneous heparin injections
1 finding from 1 review
Bruise size 48 hours after injection (mm/mm2) · patients treated with subcutaneous heparin injections
1 finding from 1 review
Bruise size ‐ 60 hours after injection (mm2) · patients treated with subcutaneous heparin injections
1 finding from 1 review
Bruise size ‐ 72 hours after injection (mm2) · patients treated with subcutaneous heparin injections
1 finding from 1 review
Bruise incidence ‐ 48 hours after injection · patients treated with subcutaneous heparin injections
Slow may leads to lower bruise incidence ‐ 48 hours after injection compared with fast subcutaneous heparin injection (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
All‐cause mortality ( · people with CLI who were not suitable for revascularisation and showed no improvement in response to the best standard therapy
It is very uncertain whether intramuscular injection of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) changes all‐cause mortality ( compared with control (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Reduction in pain Various scales including VAS, PISQ; scales ranged from 0 to 4/10/100, where 0 = no pain ( · people with CLI who were not suitable for revascularisation and showed no improvement in response to the best standard therapy
1 finding from 1 review
Amputation · people with CLI who were not suitable for revascularisation and showed no improvement in response to the best standard therapy
It is very uncertain whether intramuscular injection of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) changes incidence of amputation ( compared with control (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Angiographic analysis · people with CLI who were not suitable for revascularisation and showed no improvement in response to the best standard therapy
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Increase in ABI An ABI ratio of 0.9 or less indicates PAD. Values between 0.9 and 1.0 are borderline, and above 1.0 is considered normal ( · people with CLI who were not suitable for revascularisation and showed no improvement in response to the best standard therapy
1 finding from 1 review
Increase in PFWD (m) ( · people with CLI who were not suitable for revascularisation and showed no improvement in response to the best standard therapy
1 finding from 1 review
Complications and side effects · people with CLI who were not suitable for revascularisation and showed no improvement in response to the best standard therapy
It is very uncertain whether intramuscular injection of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) changes side effects and complications ( compared with control (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All adverse effects, including allergies at injection site, minor and major bleeding, others ( · adults undergoing KA
Low‐molecular‐weight heparin showed no clear difference in all adverse effects, including allergies at injection site, minor… compared with no prophylaxis (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review