Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

215 questions · 223 findings · 48 reviews · Schizophrenia · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 5 · 2.2%GRADE not reported 8 · 3.6%Very low 105 · 47.1%Low 46 · 20.6%Moderate 57 · 25.6%High 2 · 0.9%

HIGH DOSE (greater than or equal to 10 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Leaving the study early: insufficient response ‐ When compared with standard‐higher dose (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) · patients with schizophrenia

HIGH DOSE (greater than or equal to 10 mg/day) showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: insufficient response ‐ When compared with… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HIGH DOSE (greater than or equal to 10 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Global state: No clinically important improvement ‐ global evaluation ‐ when compared with standard‐higher dose (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) · patients with schizophrenia

HIGH DOSE (greater than or equal to 10 mg/day) showed no clear difference in global state: 1. No clinically important improvement ‐ CGI‐I ‐ when… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HIGH DOSE (greater than or equal to 10 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Mental state: No clinically important improvement · patients with schizophrenia

HIGH DOSE (greater than or equal to 10 mg/day) showed no clear difference in mental state: 1. No clinically important improvement ‐ PANSS ‐ when… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

HIGH DOSE (greater than or equal to 10 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Adverse effects: 5a. Movement disorders ‐ specific symptoms ‐ EPS: unspecified ‐ versus standard‐higher dose (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) · patients with schizophrenia

HIGH DOSE (greater than or equal to 10 mg/day) probably leads to higher adverse effects: EPS: unspecified ‐ when compared with… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

STANDARD‐HIGHER DOSE (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Leaving the study early: insufficient response ‐ When compared with high dose (greater than or equal to 10 mg/day) · patients with schizophrenia

STANDARD‐HIGHER DOSE (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: insufficient response ‐ When compared with… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

STANDARD‐HIGHER DOSE (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Global state: 1. No clinically important improvement ‐ CGI‐I ‐ when compared with high dose (greater than or equal to 10 mg/day) · patients with schizophrenia

STANDARD‐HIGHER DOSE (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) showed no clear difference in global state: 1. No clinically important improvement ‐ CGI‐I ‐ when… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

STANDARD‐HIGHER DOSE (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Mental state: No clinically important improvement · patients with schizophrenia

STANDARD‐HIGHER DOSE (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) probably leads to lower mental state: 1. No clinically important improvement ‐ PANSS ‐ when… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

4 findings from 1 review
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STANDARD‐HIGHER DOSE (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) vs ANY DOSE ‐ short term

Adverse effects: 5a. Movement disorders ‐ specific symptoms ‐ EPS: unspecified ‐ versus high dose ( greater than or equal to 10 mg) · patients with schizophrenia

STANDARD‐HIGHER DOSE (greater than or equal to 6‐<10 mg/day) probably leads to lower adverse effects: EPS: unspecified ‐ Versus high dose (greater than… compared with ANY DOSE ‐ short term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE HIGH DOSE vs FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE STANDARD DOSE (˜40 mg/IM)

Clinical response: mental state ‐ relapse ‐ medium term Relapse rate · patients with schizophrenia or related psychoses

FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE HIGH DOSE showed no clear difference in clinical response: mental state ‐ relapse ‐ medium term Relapse rate compared with FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE STANDARD DOSE (˜40 mg/IM) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE HIGH DOSE vs FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE STANDARD DOSE (˜40 mg/IM)

Leaving the study early ‐ short/medium term Rate of attrition · patients with schizophrenia or related psychoses

FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE HIGH DOSE may leads to lower leaving the study early ‐ short/medium term Rate of attrition compared with FLUPENTHIXOL DECANOATE STANDARD DOSE (˜40 mg/IM) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE (HIGH DOSE) vs ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE (LOW DOSE)

Mental state: 2. Not improved (BPRS, < 30% decrease in BPRS score) · patients with acute schizophrenia and similar serious mental illnesses

ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE (HIGH DOSE) showed no clear difference in mental state: 2. Not improved (BPRS, < 30% decrease in BPRS score) compared with ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE (LOW DOSE) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE (HIGH DOSE) vs ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE (LOW DOSE)

Adverse effects/events ‐ extrapyramidal symptoms ‐ medium term Number of instances of extrapyramidal symptoms · patients with acute schizophrenia and similar serious mental illnesses

ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE (HIGH DOSE) showed no clear difference in adverse effects: 1. Extrapyramidal side effects (TESS) compared with ZUCLOPENTHIXOL ACETATE (LOW DOSE) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review