Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

7 questions · 7 findings · 1 reviews · Periodontology

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 5 · 71.4%Low 1 · 14.3%Moderate 1 · 14.3%High 0 · 0%

Plaque · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

Herbal mouthwash reduced some plaque-related indices versus placebo, with low-certainty evidence.

1 finding from 1 review

The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment:… 2023 All outcomes
≤ 3 months
PI was significantly reduced compared to placebo [56]; VPI was significantly reduced compared to placebo [41]; PI was insignificantly reduced compared to placebo [19].
3 studies
Low

Cariogenic bacteria (Mutans streptococci) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

Herbal mouthwash reduced Mutans streptococci versus placebo, but certainty is very low.

1 finding from 1 review

The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment:… 2023 All outcomes
≤ 3 months
Colony count of MS was significantly reduced compared to placebo [52]; colony count was slightly reduced compared to placebo in a short time in one study [40].
2 studies
Very low

Gingival inflammation-related index · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

Herbal mouthwash reduced gingival inflammation-related indices versus placebo, but certainty is very low.

1 finding from 1 review

The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment:… 2023 All outcomes
≤ 3 months
GBI was significantly reduced compared to placebo [41]; GBI was significantly reduced compared to placebo [56]; BI was significantly reduced compared to placebo [40].
3 studies
Very low

Plaque · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

Herbal mouthwash reduced several plaque-related indices, but certainty is very low.

1 finding from 1 review

The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment:… 2023 All outcomes
≤ 3 months
PI was significantly reduced compared to baseline [39; 48; 54; 58]; BBPI was significantly reduced compared to blank control [47]; TI and dental plaque amount were significantly reduced compared to baseline [45; 38].
8 studies
Very low

Gingival inflammation-related index · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

Herbal mouthwash reduced some gingival inflammation-related indices, but certainty is very low.

1 finding from 1 review

The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment:… 2023 All outcomes
≤ 3 months
CPI was significantly reduced compared to baseline [35]; SBI was significantly reduced while MGI was similar compared to baseline [45]; BOP was significantly reduced compared to blank control [39].
3 studies
Very low

Cariogenic bacteria (Mutans streptococci) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

Herbal mouthwash showed mixed effects on Mutans streptococci, with very low-certainty evidence.

1 finding from 1 review

The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment:… 2023 All outcomes
≤ 3 months
Colony count of MS was significantly reduced compared to baseline [48]; another study found an insignificant reduction compared to baseline [51].
2 studies
Very low

Gingival index (GI) · Orthodontic patients (any age) undergoing orthodontic treatment (mostly fixed appliances)

Herbal mouthwash probably reduces the Gingival Index versus blank control in the short term (WMD -0.20, 95% CI -0.32 to -0.09; moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment:… 2023 All outcomes
<=3 months (short-term) · Orthodontic patients undergoing orthodontic treatment (randomized controlled trials; multiple countries)
WMD -0.20 [-0.32, -0.09]
3 studies · 132 participants
Moderate